πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒΏπŒ½πŒ²πŒ°π‚πŒ³πƒ

Gothic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Germanic *midjagardaz (β€œMiddle Earth”). Akin to Old English middangeard, Old Saxon middilgard, Old High German mittilgart, Old Norse MiΓ°garΓ°r. Not exactly equivalent to πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒΉπƒ (midjis, β€œmiddle”) +β€Ž πŒ²πŒ°π‚πŒ³πƒ (gards, β€œyard”); the initial element is possibly rather a variant of 𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌿𐌼𐌰 (miduma) or a suffixed form of πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒΉπƒ (midjis).[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈmid.junˌɑards/, [ˈmiΓ°.junˌɑards]

Noun

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πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒΏπŒ½πŒ²πŒ°π‚πŒ³πƒ β€’ (midjungards)Β m

  1. the inhabited world, ecumene
    • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Luke (Codex Argenteus) 2.1:[2]
      π…πŒ°π‚πŒΈ 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌹𐌽 πŒ³πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°πŒ½πƒ πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°πŒ½πƒ, πŒΏπ‚π‚πŒ°πŒ½πŒ½ πŒ²πŒ°πŒ²π‚πŒ΄π†π„πƒ π†π‚πŒ°πŒΌ πŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒ°π‚πŒ° πŒ°πŒ²πŒΏπƒπ„πŒ°πŒΏ, 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌰 πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒΏπŒ½πŒ²πŒ°π‚πŒ³.
      warΓΎ ΓΎan in dagans jainans, urrann gagrΔ“fts fram kaisara agustau, gamΔ“ljan allana midjungard.
      Now in those days a decree went out from [the emperor] Caesar Augustus, that all the inhabited world (the Roman Empire) should be registered […] . (AMP)
    • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Luke (Codex Argenteus) 4.5:[3]
      𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒΏπƒπ„πŒΉπŒΏπŒ·πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ 𐌹𐌽𐌰 πŒ³πŒΉπŒ°πŒ±πŒΏπŒ»πŒ°πŒΏπƒ 𐌰𐌽𐌰 π†πŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ²πŒΏπŒ½πŒΉ πŒ·πŒ°πŒΏπŒ·πŒ°π„πŒ°, πŒ°π„πŒ°πŒΏπŒ²πŒΉπŒ³πŒ° 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 πŒ°πŒ»πŒ»πŒ°πŒ½πƒ πŒΈπŒΉπŒΏπŒ³πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°πƒπƒπŒΏπŒ½πƒ πŒΈπŒΉπƒ πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒΏπŒ½πŒ²πŒ°π‚πŒ³πŒΉπƒ 𐌹𐌽 πƒπ„πŒΉπŒΊπŒ° πŒΌπŒ΄πŒ»πŒΉπƒ.
      jah ustiuhands ina diabulaus ana fairguni hauhata, ataugida imma allans ΓΎiudinassuns ΓΎis midjungardis in stika mΔ“lis.
      Then he led Jesus up [to a high mountain] and displayed before Him all the kingdoms of the inhabited earth […] in the twinkling of an eye. (AMP)
    • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Epistle to the Romans (Codex Ambrosianus A) 10.18:[4]
      𐌰𐌺𐌴𐌹 𐌡𐌹𐌸𐌰: 𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐌽𐌹 πŒ·πŒ°πŒΏπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½? π‚πŒ°πŒΉπŒ·π„πŒΉπƒ: 𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰 πŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒΈπŒ° 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌸 πŒ³π‚πŒΏπŒ½πŒΎπŒΏπƒ 𐌹𐌢𐌴 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌽𐌳 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒ½πƒ πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒΏπŒ½πŒ²πŒ°π‚πŒ³πŒΉπƒ π…πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ³πŒ° 𐌹𐌢𐌴.
      akei qiΓΎa: ibai ni hausidΔ“dun? raihtis: and alla airΓΎa galaiΓΎ drunjus izΔ“ jah and andins midjungardis waurda izΔ“.
      But I say, Have they not heard? Yes verily, their sound went into all the earth, and their words unto the ends of the world. (KJV)

Usage notes

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This word only translates ΞΏαΌ°ΞΊΞΏΟ…ΞΌΞ­Ξ½Ξ· (oikoumΓ©nΔ“, β€œthe inhabited world, the known world”), while ΞΊΟŒΟƒΞΌΞΏΟ‚ (kΓ³smos, β€œorder, world”) is translated by either πŒΌπŒ°πŒ½πŒ°πƒπŒ΄πŒΈπƒ (manasΔ“ΓΎs) or π†πŒ°πŒΉπ‚πˆπŒΏπƒ (fairΖ•us), depending on sense.

Declension

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Masculine i-stem
Singular Plural
Nominative πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒΏπŒ½πŒ²πŒ°π‚πŒ³πƒ
midjungards
β€”
Vocative πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒΏπŒ½πŒ²πŒ°π‚πŒ³
midjungard
β€”
Accusative πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒΏπŒ½πŒ²πŒ°π‚πŒ³
midjungard
β€”
Genitive πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒΏπŒ½πŒ²πŒ°π‚πŒ³πŒΉπƒ
midjungardis
β€”
Dative πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπŒΏπŒ½πŒ²πŒ°π‚πŒ³πŒ°
midjungarda
β€”

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986) β€œM57. *midjun-gards”, in A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the 3rd ed. of Feist’s dictionary, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 253
  2. ^ Luke chapter 2 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
  3. ^ Luke chapter 4 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
  4. ^ Romans chapter 10 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.

Further reading

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