𐾀𐽰𐽼𐽾𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷

Old Uyghur

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tepre- (“to move, shake”). Cognate with Chuvash тапран (tapran), Turkish deprenmek, Kazakh тербеліс (terbelıs, “oscillation”).

Verb

𐾀𐽰𐽼𐽾𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (tepremek /tʾprʾmʾk/ or tabramak)

1. (intransitive) to move

   Synonym: 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽶𐽹𐽰𐽷 (yorïmak)

   • c. 11th century, Story of Prince Kalyāṇaṃkara and Papamkara, LXXX.5:

     𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽽𐽶 𐽰𐽰𐽷𐽺𐽷𐽳𐽸𐽶 𐾀𐽰𐽼𐽾𐽰𐽶𐽳 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽶𐽶𐽳 𐽰𐽳𐽹𐽰𐽸𐽶 𐾈

     ...küči alŋudï, tepreyü yorïyu umadï.

     His strength was waning, he could not move, he could not walk.

2. (transitive) to shake, to tremble

   Synonyms: 𐽰𐽶𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ïrgamak), 𐽰𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ïrtmak), 𐽻𐽶𐾁𐽷𐽹𐽰𐽷 (silkmek)

   • 1687, Altun Yaruk Manuscript, Book 2, Page 9 (Golden Light Sutra in Old Uyghur)‎^[1], AY.B33.04.v05 (B836):

     𐽰𐽹𐽾𐽶𐾁𐽳𐽾 𐾀𐽳𐽾𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽾 𐽻𐽰𐽽𐽶𐾁𐽹𐽰𐽲𐽶 𐾀𐽰𐽼𐽾𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷𐽶 𐽼𐽳𐽷𐽾𐽳𐽲𐾄𐽹𐽰𐽴 𐾉

     ...amrïlur, turulur; sačïlmakï tabramakï bultukmaz.

     [...upon that, their becoming] will be calm and tame; their scattering [and] trembling will not be.

3. to twitch, to flail (said of sick men)
4. (rare) to shine (said of a mirage)

Derived terms

• 𐾀𐽰𐽼𐽾𐽰𐽷 (teprek, “vibrating, oscillating”)
• 𐾀𐽰𐽼𐽾𐽰𐽷𐽳 (tepregü, “onset (of a disease)”)
• 𐾀𐽰𐽼𐽾𐽰𐽺𐽹𐽰𐽷 (teprenmek, “to start”)
• 𐾀𐽰𐽼𐽾𐽰𐽻𐾅𐽹𐽰𐽷 (teprešmek, “to vibrate, to move in unison”)
• 𐾀𐽰𐽼𐽾𐽰𐾀𐽷𐽳𐽶𐾁𐽳𐽷𐽻𐽳𐽴 (tepretgülüksüz, “immovable, unyielding; one of the names of the Buddha”)
• 𐾀𐽰𐽼𐽾𐽰𐾀𐽹𐽰𐽷 (tepretmek, “to make move, to send an army”)

References

• Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “täbrämäk”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 230
• Hamilton, James (2020) “tepre-”, in Korkut, Ece, Birkan, İsmet, transl., Budacı İyi Kalpli ve Kötü Kalpli Prens Masalının Uygurcası - Prens Kalyāṇaṃkara ve Pāpaṃkara Hikâyesi (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları, →ISBN, page 181
• Wilkens, Jens (2021) “täprä-”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 700