𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺

Ashokan Prakrit

Etymology

From Sanskrit त्रीणि n (trī́ṇi) (see त्रि m (trí)), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *tráyas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tráyas, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Cognate with Pali tīṇi.

Numeral

𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺 (tiṃni /tiṇṇi/)

three

Alternative forms

Attested at Allahabad-Kosambi, Delhi-Meerut, Delhi-Topra, Dhauli, Jaugada, Kalsi, Lauriya-Araraj, Lauriya-Nandangarh and Rampurva.

Dialectal forms of 𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺 (“three”)
Variety	Location	Forms edit
Central	Kalsi	𑀢𑀺𑀦𑀺 (tini), 𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺 (tiṃni)
	Delhi-Topra	𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺 (tiṃni)
	Delhi-Meerut	𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺 (tiṃni)
	Rampurva	𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺 (tiṃni)
	Lauriya-Nandangarh	𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺 (tiṃni)
	Lauriya-Araraj	𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺 (tiṃni)
	Allahabad-Kosambi	𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺 (tiṃni)
East	Dhauli	𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺 (tiṃni)
East	Jaugada	𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺 (tiṃni)
Northwest	Shahbazgarhi	𐨟𐨿𐨪𐨩𐨆 (trayo)
Northwest	Mansehra	𐨟𐨁𐨣𐨁 (tini)
West	Girnar	𑀢𑀻 (tī), 𑀢𑁆𑀭𑀻 (trī)

Map of dialectal forms of 𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺 (“three”)
𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺 (tiṃni) (9) 𑀢𑀺𑀦𑀺 (tini) (1) 𑀢𑁆𑀭𑀻 (trī) (1) 𐨟𐨁𐨣𐨁 (tini) (1) 𐨟𐨿𐨪𐨩𐨆 (trayo) (1) 𑀢𑀻 (tī) (1)

Descendants

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀢𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺 (tiṇṇi)
Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀢𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺 (tiṇṇi)
- Khasa Prakrit:
  - Nepali: तीन (tīna)
- Magadhi Prakrit:
  - Bhojpuri: तीन (tīn)
  - Bishnupriya Manipuri: তিন
  - Chakma: 𑄖𑄨𑄚𑄴 (tin)
  - Early Assamese: তিনি (tini)
    - Assamese: তিনি (tini)
  - Old Bengali: তিন
    - Bengali: তিন (tin)
  - Odia: ତିନି (tini)
  - Rohingya: tin
  - Sylheti: ꠔꠤꠘ (tin)
- Maharastri Prakrit:
  - Konkani: तीन (tīn)
  - Old Marathi:
    Devanagari script: तिं (tiṃ), तीं (tīṃ), तीनि (tīni)
    Modi script: 𑘝𑘲𑘽 (tīṃ), 𑘝𑘲𑘡𑘲 (tīnī)
    - Marathi: तीन (tīn)
- Paisaci Prakrit:
  - Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਤਿੰਨ (tinn)
    Shahmukhi script: تِنّ (tinn)
- Sauraseni Prakrit:
  - Old Gujarati: तिन्न (tinna), तीन (tīna)
    - Marwari: तीन (tīn)
  - Old Hindi: तीनि (tīni)
    - Hindustani: tīn
      Hindi: तीन
      Urdu: تین (ten)
  - Romani: trin
    - Caló: trin, trine
    - Kalo Finnish Romani: triin
    - Tavringer Romani: trinn
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀢𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺 (tiṇṇi)
- Khasa Prakrit:
  - Nepali: तीन (tīna)
- Magadhi Prakrit:
  - Bhojpuri: तीन (tīn)
  - Bishnupriya Manipuri: তিন
  - Chakma: 𑄖𑄨𑄚𑄴 (tin)
  - Early Assamese: তিনি (tini)
    - Assamese: তিনি (tini)
  - Old Bengali: তিন
    - Bengali: তিন (tin)
  - Odia: ତିନି (tini)
  - Rohingya: tin
  - Sylheti: ꠔꠤꠘ (tin)
- Maharastri Prakrit:
  - Konkani: तीन (tīn)
  - Old Marathi:
    Devanagari script: तिं (tiṃ), तीं (tīṃ), तीनि (tīni)
    Modi script: 𑘝𑘲𑘽 (tīṃ), 𑘝𑘲𑘡𑘲 (tīnī)
    - Marathi: तीन (tīn)
- Paisaci Prakrit:
  - Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਤਿੰਨ (tinn)
    Shahmukhi script: تِنّ (tinn)
- Sauraseni Prakrit:
  - Old Gujarati: तिन्न (tinna), तीन (tīna)
    - Marwari: तीन (tīn)
  - Old Hindi: तीनि (tīni)
    - Hindustani: tīn
      Hindi: तीन
      Urdu: تین (ten)
  - Romani: trin
    - Caló: trin, trine
    - Kalo Finnish Romani: triin
    - Tavringer Romani: trinn
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀢𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺 (tiṇṇi)
- Khasa Prakrit:
  - Nepali: तीन (tīna)
- Magadhi Prakrit:
  - Bhojpuri: तीन (tīn)
  - Bishnupriya Manipuri: তিন
  - Chakma: 𑄖𑄨𑄚𑄴 (tin)
  - Early Assamese: তিনি (tini)
    - Assamese: তিনি (tini)
  - Old Bengali: তিন
    - Bengali: তিন (tin)
  - Odia: ତିନି (tini)
  - Rohingya: tin
  - Sylheti: ꠔꠤꠘ (tin)
- Maharastri Prakrit:
  - Konkani: तीन (tīn)
  - Old Marathi:
    Devanagari script: तिं (tiṃ), तीं (tīṃ), तीनि (tīni)
    Modi script: 𑘝𑘲𑘽 (tīṃ), 𑘝𑘲𑘡𑘲 (tīnī)
    - Marathi: तीन (tīn)
- Paisaci Prakrit:
  - Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਤਿੰਨ (tinn)
    Shahmukhi script: تِنّ (tinn)
- Sauraseni Prakrit:
  - Old Gujarati: तिन्न (tinna), तीन (tīna)
    - Marwari: तीन (tīn)
  - Old Hindi: तीनि (tīni)
    - Hindustani: tīn
      Hindi: तीन
      Urdu: تین (ten)
  - Romani: trin
    - Caló: trin, trine
    - Kalo Finnish Romani: triin
    - Tavringer Romani: trinn
Northern:
- Bhadrawahi: ट्ळा (ṭḷā)

References

Sen, Sukumar (1960) A Comparative Grammar of Middle Indo-Aryan, Linguistic Society of India, page 133.
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “tráyaḥ”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press