𑀧𑀁𑀘

Ashokan Prakrit

Prakrit numbers ^(edit)

	50[a], [b]
[a], [b], [c] ←  4	𑁫 5	6  →
Cardinal: 𑀧𑀁𑀘 (paṃca)     Ordinal: 𑀧𑀁𑀘𑀫 (paṃcama)

Etymology

From Sanskrit पञ्चन् (páñcan), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *pánća, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.

Numeral

𑀧𑀁𑀘 (paṃca)

1. (cardinal number) five
   • c. 257 BCE, Ashoka, Girnar Major Rock Edict 3 :

     𑀲𑀭𑁆𑀯𑀢 𑀯𑀺𑀚𑀺𑀢𑁂 𑀫𑀫 𑀬𑀼𑀢𑀸 𑀘 𑀭𑀸𑀚𑀽𑀓𑁂 𑀘 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀤𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀓𑁂 𑀘 𑀧𑀁𑀘𑀲𑀼 𑀧𑀁𑀘𑀲𑀼 𑀯𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼 𑀅𑀦𑀼𑀲𑀁𑀬𑀸𑀦𑀁 𑀦𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀢𑀼 𑀏𑀢𑀸𑀬𑁂𑀯 𑀅𑀣𑀸𑀬 𑀇𑀫𑀸𑀬 𑀥𑀁𑀫𑀸𑀦𑀼𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀝𑀺𑀬 𑀬𑀣𑀸 𑀅𑀜𑀸 𑀬 𑀧𑀺 𑀓𑀁𑀫𑀸𑀬

     sarvata vijite mama yutā ca rājūke ca prādesike ca paṃcasu paṃcasu vāsesu anusaṃyānaṃ niyātu etāyeva athāya imāya dhaṃmānusasṭiya yathā añā ya pi kaṃmāya

     Everywhere in my domains, the Yuktās and the Rājūkas and the Prādesikas every five years shall set out for a complete tour for this purpose: this instruction in morality as well as other business.

Alternative forms

Attested at Dhauli, Girnar, Jaugada and Kalsi.

Dialectal forms of 𑀧𑀁𑀘 (“five”)
Variety	Location	Forms edit
Central	Kalsi	𑀧𑀁𑀘 (paṃca)
East	Dhauli	𑀧𑀁𑀘 (paṃca)
	Jaugada	𑀧𑀁𑀘 (paṃca)
Northwest	Shahbazgarhi	𐨤𐨎𐨕 (paṃca)
West	Girnar	𑀧𑀁𑀘 (paṃca)

Map of dialectal forms of 𑀧𑀁𑀘 (“five”)
𑀧𑀁𑀘 (paṃca) (4) 𐨤𐨎𐨕 (paṃca) (1)

Descendants

• Khasa Prakrit:
  • Nepali: पाँच (pā̃c)
• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀁𑀘 (paṃca)
  • Bengali-Assamese:
    • Early Assamese: পাঞ্চ (pañco)
      • Assamese: পাঁচ (pãs)
    • Bengali: পাঁচ (pãc)
    • Bishnupriya Manipuri: পাঁচ
    • Rohingya: fañs
    • Sylheti: ꠙꠣꠌ (fas)
  • Odia: ପାଞ୍ଚ (pāñca)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀁𑀘 (paṃca)
  • Konkani: पांच (pāñca)
  • Old Marathi:

    Devanagari script: पांच (pāṃca), पंच (paṃca)

    Modi script: 𑘢𑘰𑘽𑘓 (pāṃca), 𑘢𑘽𑘓 (paṃca)

    • Marathi: पाच (pāċ)
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Takka Apabhramsa:
    • Punjabi:

      Gurmukhi script: ਪੰਜ (pañj)

      Shahmukhi script: پَنج (panj)

  • Vracada Apabhramsa:
    • Kachchi: પંજ (pañj)
    • Sindhi: panja

      Arabic script: پَنجَ

      Devanagari script: पंज

• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀁𑀘 (paṃca)
  • Gurjar Apabhramsa:
    • Old Gujarati:
      • Gujarati: પાંચ (pā̃c)
  • Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
    • Old Hindi: पंच (paṃca), पांच (pāṃca)
      • Hindustani:

        Hindi: पाँच (pā̃c)

        Urdu: پانچ (pā̃c)

        • → English: punch (beverage)
    • Romani: panʒ, panzh (Anglicized); panć (International Standard); pandž (Pan-Vlax)