𑀙 U+11019, 𑀙
BRAHMI LETTER CHA
𑀘
[U+11018]
Brahmi 𑀚
[U+1101A]

Translingual

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Letter

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𑀙 (ca)

  1. the seventh Brahmi consonant

Descendants

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  • Tocharian:   (cha)

Pali

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Alternative forms

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Numeral

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𑀙 (cha)

  1. Brahmi script form of cha (“six”)

Declension

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Optionally indeclinable.

Prakrit

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Prakrit numbers (edit)
60
 ←  5 𑁬
6
7  → 
    Cardinal: 𑀙 (cha)
    Ordinal: 𑀲𑀝𑁆𑀞 (saṭṭha), 𑀙𑀝𑁆𑀞 (chaṭṭha)

Etymology

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PIE word
*swéḱs

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀙 (*cha), 𑀱 (ṣa), from Sanskrit 𑀱𑁆𑀯𑀱𑁆 (*ṣváṣ), 𑀱𑀱𑁆 (ṣáṣ).

Numeral

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𑀙 (cha) (Devanagari , Gujarati , Kannada ) (Ardhamāgadhī, Māhārāṣṭrī) (cardinal number)

  1. six

Descendants

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  • Central:
    • Shauraseni Prakrit:
      • Domaaki:
      • Old Gujarati: (cha)
      • Old Hindi: षट (ṣaṭa)
      • Romani: śov, shov (Anglicized), šov (Pan-Vlax)
  • Dardic:
    • Dameli: ṣō
    • Kalami: [script needed] (ṣuə), [script needed] (ṣɔ)
    • Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (šōh), [script needed] (ṣō)
    • Kalasha: [script needed] (ṣɔ)
    • Kashmiri:
    • Grangali: ṣō
    • Phalura: ݜوۡ (ṣʷo), ݜو (ṣo), ݜوھ (ṣoʰ)
    • Savi: [script needed] (ṣōᵘ), [script needed] (ṣū)
    • Shina: ݜ (ṣa), [script needed] (ṣua)
      • Kohistani Shina: ݜوا (ṣvā)
    • Shumashti: [script needed] (ṣọo)
    • Tirahi: [script needed] (xᵘọ̈̄)
    • Torwali: [script needed] (ṣōᵘ)
    • Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (šō)
    • Gawar-Bati: ݭو (ṣᵘō)
  • Eastern:
  • Northern:
    • Nepali: (cha)
    • Western Pahari:
  • Southern:
  • Western:
  • → Proto-Nuristani:
    • Kamkata-viri: [script needed] (ṣū)
    • Waigali: [script needed] (ṣū)
    • Prasuni: uṣū, wuṣu

Further reading

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  • Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author], page 333.
  • Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 317
  • Woolner, Alfred Cooper, An Introduction to Prakrit‎, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1917, page 11.
  • Sen, Sukumar (1960) A Comparative Grammar of Middle Indo-Aryan, Linguistic Society of India, page 134.
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ṣáṣ”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 743