-ა
GeorgianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
SuffixEdit
-ა • (-a)
- Suffixed to nouns and adjectives for the purpose of euphony. Separates the final consonant of a suffixed term from the initial consonant of the next word. It may also split a postposition-attached word (see -ა- (-a-)).
- ჩემი ეს გზავნილი ეძღვნება კაცსა თუ ქალს
- čemi es gzavnili eʒɣvneba ḳacsa tu kals
- My message is to the man and the woman
Usage notesEdit
- It can be suffixed to a noun in the dative, instrumental, or genitive case.
- In sentences where a list of two or more nouns are connected in series, with the last noun preceded by the conjunction და (da, “and”), this suffix is appended to the noun before და (da, “and”). For example, მან თქვა რომ არ უღალატებდა სამშობლოს ენასა და სარწმუნოებას (he said that he would never betray his country, language and faith).
Etymology 2Edit
Contraction of არის (aris, “is”).
SuffixEdit
-ა • (-a)
- is
- ის ექიმია ― is ekimia ― She/he is a doctor
- ლამაზია ― lamazia ― She/he/it is beautiful
Etymology 3Edit
SuffixEdit
-ა • (-a)
- Forms verbal nouns from verbs.
Etymology 4Edit
Both senses are from Proto-Kartvelian *-a.
SuffixEdit
-ა • (-a)
- Suffixed to nouns to form privative adjectives
- Expresses having something
Derived termsEdit
Category Georgian terms suffixed with -ა (privative; ironic) not found
ReferencesEdit
- Ǯorbenaʒe, B.; Ḳobaiʒe, M.; Beriʒe, M. (1988), “-ა⁷”, in Kartuli enis morpemebisa da modaluri elemenṭebis leksiḳoni [Dictionary of morphemes and modal elements in Georgian] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Academy Press, page 14
Etymology 5Edit
Developed from -ად (-ad).
SuffixEdit
-ა • (-a)
- Forms adverbs.
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Fähnrich, Heinz (2012) Die georgische Sprache (Handbook of Oriental Studies; VIII.22) (in German), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 597
- Ǯorbenaʒe, B.; Ḳobaiʒe, M.; Beriʒe, M. (1988), “-ა⁹”, in Kartuli enis morpemebisa da modaluri elemenṭebis leksiḳoni [Dictionary of morphemes and modal elements in Georgian] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Academy Press, page 15
- Vogt, Hans (1971) Grammaire de la langue géorgienne[1] (in French), Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, page 65
LazEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Kartvelian *-a.
SuffixEdit
- Suffixed to verbs to form nouns
Derived termsEdit
Category Laz terms suffixed with -ა (verbal) not found
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Kartvelian *-a.
SuffixEdit
- Suffixed to nouns to form privative adjectives
Derived termsEdit
Category Laz terms suffixed with -ა (privative) not found
MingrelianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Both senses are from Proto-Kartvelian *-a.
SuffixEdit
-ა • (-a)
- Suffixed to nouns to form privative adjectives
- Expresses having something