-WOD
Navajo
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Athabaskan *ɣ̇ʊ̓t’ (“to be bent, curved”). Occurs also in a secondary meaning related to wriggling, jiggling, and by extension, in some Athabaskan languages including Navajo, to being agile and running.
Cognate root found in Ahtna dezghotʼ (“it is bent”), Carrier nəlɣwət (“to wriggle”), nəsɣwət (“to be agile, rapid”).
Occurs in Navajo in two additional extended meanings related to limping and to rocking. The “rock” theme uses a different momentaneous stem set, and might be a different root altogether.
Root
edit-WOD
1. to bend, to flex, to disjoint; to limp
Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
∅ |
S bends O |
||||||
ʼa + ni + ł | motion |
|
2. to rock
Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
∅ | successive |
S rocks
|
|
3. to run
Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (∅ + ł + l) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
l | motion |
S runs |
S runs O |
||||
l | adjectival |
S is a runner |
Stem set
editAspect | IMP | PERF | FUT | ITER | OPT |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MOM | -yeed | -wod | -woł | -woʼ | -yeed |
MOM | -wóód | -wóód | -woł | -woʼ | -wóód |
CONT / REP | -wod | -wod | -woł | -woʼ | -wod |
See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.
Synonyms
editto run:
to go swiftly, to dash:
to bend:
to rock:
to shake:
- -DÉÉL (jolt)
- -DZID (pan, bottle)
- -GHÁÁD
- -JĄH (rattle)
- -MÁÁZ (finger, hat)
- -NAAʼ (earth, body)
- -TŁID
- -TSIZ (nervous)
Derived terms
editNavajo terms belonging to the root -WOD (bend)