Appendix:Portuguese parts of speech

The Portuguese language contains exactly ten parts of speech.

Nouns

Main appendix: Portuguese nouns

All Portuguese nouns are masculine or feminine. This includes words related to objects, feelings, phenomena, etc., which obviously don't have biological genders. Examples: the feminine cadeira (“chair”) and the masculine amor (“love”).

They may be inflected into singular to indicate a quantity of one, or plural to indicate quantity of more than one. This inflection usually is done through a suffix -s.

The attributes masculine, feminine, singular and plural are always inherited from the noun to pronouns, adjectives, articles and numerals.

The English words big and little may be translated into the Portuguese adjectives grande (“big”) and pequeno (“little”). However, when these adjectives are directly related to nouns, the augmentative and diminutive forms may be used instead. Examples: livrinho (“little book”), pãozão (“big bread”).

As in English, all Portuguese proper nouns begin with an upper case letter. Unlike English, derivatives of Portuguese proper nouns begin in lower case.

Adjectives

Main appendix: Portuguese adjectives

Verbs

Main appendix: Portuguese verbs

Pronouns

Main appendix: Portuguese pronouns

Adverbs

Main appendix: Portuguese adverbs

Nouns

Main appendix: Portuguese nouns

Numerals

Main appendix: Portuguese numerals

In Portuguese, there are the cardinal numerals and the ordinal numerals.

Some cardinal numbers may be inflected into feminine form, when accompanying a feminine noun. Example: duzentos homens (“two hundred men”), duzentas mulheres (“two hundred women”).

Cardinal numbers are treated as adjectives in many ways, such as always having singular, plural, masculine and feminine forms. Though, they are not considered adjectives.

Articles

Main appendix: Portuguese articles

In Portuguese, there are two articles, which inflect for gender and number.

• The definite article: o (“the”).
• The indefinite article: um (“a, an, some”).

Prepositions

Main appendix: Portuguese prepositions

Interjections

Main appendix: Portuguese interjections