o

See also: Appendix:Variations of "o" and O

o U+006F, o LATIN SMALL LETTER O ← n [U+006E] Basic Latin p → [U+0070]

ｏ U+FF4F, ｏ FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER O ← ｎ [U+FF4E] Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms ｐ → [U+FF50]

Translingual

Letter

o (upper case O)

1. The fifteenth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/

• IPA

  (file)

Symbol

o

1. (IPA) close-mid back rounded vowel

Gallery

• Letter styles
• 

  Capital and lowercase versions of O, in normal and italic type

• 

  Uppercase and lowercase O in Fraktur

See also

• (Latin script):  Aa  Bb  Cc  Dd  Ee  Ff  Gg  Hh  Ii  Jj  Kk  Ll  Mm  Nn  Oo  Pp  Qq  Rr  Sſs  Tt  Uu  Vv  Ww  Xx  Yy  Zz
• (Variations of letter O):  Óó  Òò  Ŏŏ  Ôô  Ốố  Ồồ  Ỗỗ  Ổổ  Ǒǒ  Öö  Ȫȫ  Őő  Õõ  Ṍṍ  Ṏṏ  Ȭȭ  Ȯȯ  Ȱȱ  Øø  Ǿǿ  Ǫǫ  Ǭǭ  Ōō  Ṓṓ  Ō̂ō̂  Ṑṑ  Ỏỏ  Ȍȍ  Ȏȏ  Ơơ  Ớớ  Ờờ  Ỡỡ  Ởở  Ợợ  Ọọ  Ộộ  Ɵɵ  ⱺ  ᴏ  Ｏｏ  Ꜵꜵ  Œœ  Ꝏꝏ  Ꝍꝍ  Ȣȣ

Other representations of O:

NATO phonetic: Oscar Morse code: ––– Braille: ⠕ ASL Manual: O

Signal flag:

Semaphore:

---

English

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /əʊ/

• Audio (RP)

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /oʊ/

• Audio (GA)

  (file)

• Homophones: oh, owe
• Rhymes: -əʊ

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O, plural os or o's)

1. The fifteenth letter of the English alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters) letter; Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz

Number

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The ordinal number fifteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

Noun

o (plural oes)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter O.
2. A zero (used in reading out numbers).

   It is currently two-o-five in the afternoon (2:05 PM).

   The first permanent English settlement in America was in Jamestown in sixteen-o-seven (1607).

Alternative forms

• oh

Derived terms

• kayo
• o-dark-thirty
• okay

Translations

See o/translations § Noun.

See also

• (Latin script letter names) letter; a, bee, cee, dee, e, ef, gee, aitch, i, jay, kay, el, em, en, o, pee, cue, ar, ess, tee, u, vee, double-u, ex, wye, zee/zed ^{(Category: en:Latin letter names)}
• oh

Etymology 2

Particle

o

1. (nonstandard) alternative form of O (vocative particle)
   • 2007 (1640), The Bay Psalm Book, Cosimo Classics, p.37, 41 & 46:

     I lift my soule to thee o Lord

     mee, o Iehovah, heare

     In thee, o Lord, I put my trust

Translations

vocative particle to mark direct address — see O#Particle

Interjection

o

1. Alternative form of oh

Noun

o

1. (IRC, acronym of) Operator
2. (acronym of) Object, see SVO

Adjective

o

1. Over

Etymology 3

See o'.

Preposition

o

2. Alternative form of of

---

Albanian

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

• -o

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /oː/

Particle

o

2. O (emphatic vocative marker of nouns)

   O malet e Shqipërisë!

   O mountains of Albania!

Usage notes

Used with indefinite forms only. Can be placed either before or after the noun:

• Qup (“Coby”, indefinite) + -o → Qup-o (“O Coby”).
• o + Qup → o Qup (“O Coby”).

Further reading

• "o pjesëz", in Fjalor Shqip (Albanian Dictionary)

---

Aragonese

Etymology

From Latin illum, accusative form of ille (“that”).

Article

o m (definite singular)

1. the

   O río Ebro ― The Ebro River

Usage notes

• Becomes l' before many words beginning with a vowel.
• The form lo, either pronounced as lo or ro, can be found after words ending with an -o.
• Eastern dialects use the form el.

---

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin aut.

Conjunction

o

1. or

---

Azerbaijani

Other scripts
Cyrillic		о
Roman		o
Perso-Arabic		او‎

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /ɔ/

Letter

o lower case (upper case O)

1. The twenty-first letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) hərf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ə ə, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, X x, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, Q q, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

Etymology 2

From Old Anatolian Turkish اول‎ (ol), Proto-Turkic *ol.

Pronoun

o (definite accusative onu, plural onlar)

1. he, she, it

Declension

Declension of Azerbaijani personal pronouns

	singular				plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
nominative	mən	sən	o		biz	siz	onlar
accusative	məni	səni	onu		bizi	sizi	onları
dative	mənə	sənə	ona		bizə	sizə	onlara
locative	məndə	səndə	onda		bizdə	sizdə	onlarda
ablative	məndən	səndən	ondan		bizdən	sizdən	onlardan
genitive	mənim	sənin	onun		bizim	sizin	onların

Derived terms

• onunku

Determiner

o

1. that, that one

   Antonym: bu

---

Basque

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/, [o̞]

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The sixteenth letter of the Basque alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Noun

o (indeclinable)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter O.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) a, be, ze, de, e, efe, ge, hatxe, i, jota, ka, ele, eme, ene, eñe, o, pe, ku, erre, ese, te, u, uve, uve bikoitz, ixa, i greko, zeta

---

Borôro

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔ/

Noun

o

1. tooth

---

Catalan

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈo/

Noun

o f (plural os)

1. The Latin letter O (lowercase o).

Etymology 2

From Latin aut.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈɔ/

Conjunction

o

1. or

Derived terms

• o bé

---

Corsican

Etymology

From Latin aut. Cognates include Italian o and Spanish o.

Conjunction

o

1. or

References

• http://infcor.adecec.net/

---

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *ol. Compare Turkish o and Azerbaijani o.

Pronoun

o

1. (personal pronoun) he, she, it

   Synonym: (Northern dialect) anav

2. (demonstrative pronoun) that

---

Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *o(b), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/

• Audio

  (file)

Preposition

o

1. (+ locative) about
2. (+ accusative) for

Further reading

• o in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• o in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

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Danish

Particle

o

1. (solemn or humorous) Vocative particle.

   For quotations using this term, see Citations:o.

---

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -oː
• IPA^(key): /oː/

• Audio

  (file)

Interjection

o

1. oh

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Dutch alphabet.

See also

• Previous letter: n
• Next letter: p

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Esperanto

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /o/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /o/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The nineteenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, Ĉ ĉ, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ĝ ĝ, H h, Ĥ ĥ, I i, J j, Ĵ ĵ, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Ŝ ŝ, T t, U u, Ŭ ŭ, V v, Z z

Noun

o (accusative singular o-on, plural o-oj, accusative plural o-ojn)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter O.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) litero; a, bo, co, ĉo, do, e, fo, go, ĝo, ho, ĥo, i, jo, ĵo, ko, lo, mo, no, o, po, ro, so, ŝo, to, u, ŭo, vo, zo

---

Estonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈoː/

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called oo and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) täht; A a, B b (C c), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Š š, Z z, Ž ž, T t, U u, V v (W w), Õ õ, Ä ä, Ö ö, Ü ü (X x, Y y)

---

Extremaduran

Etymology

From Latin aut. Cognates include Spanish o and Italian o.

Conjunction

o

1. or

---

Fala

Etymology 1

From Old Portuguese o, from Latin illo (“he”).

Article

o m (plural os, feminine a, feminine plural as)

1. masculine singular definite article (the)
   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:

     O términu de Valverdi, mais grandi, limita con Portugal, precisamenti con dois distintius Departamentos, que eran Beira Alta con capital en Guarda, a Beira Baixa con capital en Castelo Branco.

     The Valverde locality, the biggest, borders Portugal, more precisely with two distinct departments, which were Beira Alta with Guarda as its capital, and Beira Baixa with Castelo Branco as its capital.

Etymology 2

From Old Portuguese ou, from Latin aut (“or”).

Conjunction

o

1. or
   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme 6:

     Poin encontralsi, a o millol, hasta “oito” o mais.

     There can be found, at best, up to “eight” or more.

---

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /oː/
• Homophones: og, ov

Letter

o (upper case O)

1. The seventeenth letter of the Faroese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bókstavur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Рð, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, Y y, Ý ý, Æ æ, Ø ø

---

Finnish

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called oo and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö

---

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -o

Noun

o m (plural os)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter O.

Derived terms

• e dans l'o

 

Symbol

o

1. (computing) octet (B (byte))

Derived terms

• (computing): ko, Mo, Go, To, Po, Eo, Zo, Yo
• (computing): o/s, ko/s, Mo/s, Go/s, To/s, Po/s, Eo/s, Zo/s, Yo/s

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Fula

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dʒ/

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

See also

• (Latin-script letters) karfeeje; ', A a, B b, Mb mb, Ɓ ɓ, C c, D d, Nd nd, Ɗ ɗ, E e, F f, G g, Ng ng, Ɠ ɠ, H h, I i, J j, Nj nj, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, Ñ ñ, Ɲ ɲ, O o, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Ƴ ƴ

Etymology 2

Suffix

o (plural ɓe)

1. Noun class indicator for nouns (singular) having to do with people, and for loan words

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

Pronoun

o

1. he, she (third person singular subject pronoun; short form)

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).
• This is used in all conjugations except for affirmative non-accomplished (where the long form is used).

Alternative forms

• mo

Related terms

• omo (second person singular subject pronoun; long form)
• himo (second person singular subject pronoun; long form; variant in Pular)
• kanko (emphatic form)

Derived terms

• makko (possessive pronoun)

Article

o

1. (definite) the (when it follows the noun)

   Debbo o ― the woman

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

Determiner

o

1. used in indicating someone

   O debbo ― this/that woman

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

---

Galician

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o̝/, [ʊ]

• Audio

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese o, from Latin illum, from ille.

Alternative forms

• lo

Article

o m sg (feminine singular a, masculine plural os, feminine plural as)

1. Masculine singular definite article; the

Usage notes

• The definite article o (in all its forms), due to historical sandhi, regularly forms contractions when it follows the prepositions a (“to”), con (“with”), de (“of, from”), and en (“in”). For example, con o (“with the”) contracts to co, and en o (“in the”) contracts to no.
• The definite article o (in all its forms), due to historical sandhi, contracts with preceding words which ends in [s] or [r] into the second form of the article lo (la, los, las); this feature, frequent in spoken Galician, is not always marked in the written language. When done, a hyphen is used to separate both words:

Debes comer o caldo ~ Debes come-lo caldo ― You should eat the soup

Derived terms

• ao
• co
• do
• no
• ó

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronoun

o

1. accusative of el

Usage notes

The Galician pronouns, being atones, are usually appended to the verb; though sandhi, o could acquire the form -no (for example, when appended to a verb form ended in a falling diphthong or in a nasal consonant, the nasal in -no having an antihiatic epenthetic origin) or -lo (when appended to a verb form ended in a -s or -r, the l having its origin in the assimilation of the -s or -r with the l present in the pronoun before the 12th century).

Further reading

• “o” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.

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German

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Interjection

o

1. O
   • 1843, Gallus Schwab, Gebetbuch für katholische Christen, Bamberg, p.45:

     Sei gegrüßet, o Du mein Jesu! Mit tieftster Demuth bete ich Dich an und verehre Dich!

---

Gothic

Romanization

ō

1. Romanization of 𐍉

---

Guaraní

Etymology

Clipping of óga.

Noun

o

1. house

---

Hawaiian

Conjunction

o

1. or, lest

Preposition

o

1. of, belonging to

Usage notes

• Used for possessions that are inherited, out of personal control, and for things that can be got into (houses, clothes, cars), while a is used for acquired possessions.

---

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): [ˈo]
• (letter name): IPA^(key): [ˈo]

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.

Further reading

• o in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

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Ido

Pronunciation

• (context pronunciation, letter name) IPA^(key): /o/

Letter

o (upper case O)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Conjunction

o

1. Apocopic form of od

Related terms

• e (“and”)
• a (“to”)

---

Igbo

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/

Letter

o (upper case O)

1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Igbo alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• ọ (retracted tongue position)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/

Pronoun

o (dependent form, independent form ya)

1. (personal, epicene) he, she, it

   O nyere m mmiri.

   She gave me water.

See also

Igbo personal pronouns

		dependent	independent	object/possesive
Singular	first	m, a/e- ... -m	m, mụ	m, mụ
	second	ị, i	ngị, gị	gị
	third	ọ, o	ya
Plural	first	anyị
	second	ụnụ
	third	ha, a/e- ... -ha	ha
Indefinite		a/e	-	-

---

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /o/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /o/, [o], [ɔ]

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) alfabet; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

---

Italian

Etymology 1

From Latin ō (the name of the letter O).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔ/
• Rhymes: -ɔ
• Hyphenation: ò
• Homophone: ho

Noun

o f (invariable)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter O.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) lettera; a, bi, ci, di, e, effe, gi, acca, i, i lunga, cappa, elle, emme, enne, o, pi, cu, erre, esse, ti, u, vu, doppia vu, ics, ipsilon, zeta

Etymology 2

From Latin aut.

Alternative forms

• od (used optionally before words beginning with a vowel)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/
• Rhymes: -o
• Hyphenation: ó

Conjunction

o

1. or

Etymology 3

Verb

o

1. Misspelling of ho.

---

Japanese

Romanization

o

1. Rōmaji transcription of お
2. Rōmaji transcription of オ
3. Rōmaji transcription of を
4. Rōmaji transcription of ヲ

---

Khumi Chin

O.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔo˧/

Noun

o

1. pig

References

• K. E. Herr (2011) The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin‎^[1], Payap University, page 47

---

Kikuyu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔ/

Pronoun

o (third person plural)

1. they

Related terms

• -ao (“their”)

See also

Independent personal pronouns in Kikuyu

	singular	plural
1st person	niĩ	ithuĩ
2nd person	we /wɛ(ː)/	inyuĩ
3rd person	we /wɛ/	o

References

• “o” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 355. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

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Ladin

Etymology

From Latin aut.

Conjunction

o

1. or

---

Latin

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Letter

o

1. A letter of the Latin alphabet.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /oː/, [oː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /o/, [ɔ]

Noun

ō f (indeclinable)

1. The name of the letter O.

Coordinate terms

• (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta

References

• o in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• o in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• o in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• o in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• o in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

• ô (for the vocative particle)
• ōh (for the interjection meaning "oh")

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /oː/, [oː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /o/, [ɔ]

Interjection

ō

1. o! (vocative particle)
   • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.II:

     O tempora, o mores! Senatus haec intellegit, consul videt; hic tamen vivit. Vivit?

     Shame on the age and on its principles! The senate is aware of these things; the consul sees them; and yet this man lives. Lives!

   • 4th century, St Jerome, Vulgate, Judges 3:19

     et reversus de Galgalis ubi erant idola dixit ad regem verbum secretum habeo ad te o rex et ille imperavit silentium egressisque omnibus qui circa eum erant (Then returning from Galgal, where the idols were, he said to the king: I have a secret message to thee, O king. And he commanded silence: and all being gone out that were about him,)

2. oh!

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Latvian

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [uə̯], IPA^(key): [o], IPA^(key): [oː]

Letter

O

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The twenty-third letter of the Latvian alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

In native Latvian words (and in some older borrowings), o represents the sound of IPA [uə̯] (e.g., otrs [uə̯tɾs]). In more recent borrowings, it represents the original sound of the word, i.e. [o] or [oː] (e.g., opera [oːpeɾa]).

See also

• (Latin-script letters) burts; A a, Ā ā, B b, C c, Č č, D d, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, Ģ ģ, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, Ķ ķ, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [o]

Noun

o m (invariable)

1. The name of the Latin script letter O/o.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) latviešu burtu vārdi; a, garais ā, bē, cē, čē, dē, e, garais ē, ef, gā, ģē, hā, i, garais ī, jē, kā, ķē, el, eļ, em, en, eņ, o, pē, er, es, eš, tē, u, garais ū, vē, zē, žē

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Ligurian

Ligurian Definite Articles
	singular	plural
masculine	o	i
feminine	a	e

Etymology

From earlier ro ← lo, from Latin illum, form of ille (“that”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /u/

Article

o m sg (plural i)

1. the

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Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō; compare Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”). From Proto-Indo-European *h₁od; compare Sanskrit आत् (āt, “afterwards, then, so”), Avestan 𐬁𐬀𐬝‎ (āat̰, “afterward, then”), perhaps the ablative singular of *h₁e- (“demonstrative pronoun”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /oː/

Conjunction

õ

1. (coordinating, adversative) and, but (used to express binary contrasts)

   Taĩ ne kažkàs, ką̃ víenas gãli darýti, õ kìtas – nè. ― It's not something that some people can do and others can't.

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Livonian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /o/

Letter

o (upper case O)

1. The twenty-second letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) kēratēḑ; A a, Ā ā, Ä ä, Ǟ ǟ, B b, D d, Ḑ ḑ, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, Ō ō, Ȯ ȯ, Ȱ ȱ, Õ õ, Ȭ ȭ, P p, R r, Ŗ ŗ, S s, Š š, T t, Ț ț, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

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Malay

Letter

o

1. The fifteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

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Maltese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔ/ (short phoneme)
• IPA^(key): /ɔː/ (long phoneme)
• In inherited words, long o occurs only next to vowelised għ or h. In Romance words, it can be long on its own.

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The nineteenth letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) ittra; A a, B b, Ċ ċ, D d, E e, F f, Ġ ġ, G g, Għ għ, H h, Ħ ħ, I i, Ie ie, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Ż ż, Z z

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Mandarin

Romanization

o

1. Nonstandard spelling of ō.
2. Nonstandard spelling of ó.
3. Nonstandard spelling of ǒ.
4. Nonstandard spelling of ò.

Usage notes

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

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Maori

Particle

o

1. of

   2006, Joanne Barker, Sovereignty Matters, page 208:

   In 1979 a gathering of elders at the Waananga kaumatua affirmed te reo Maori “Ko te reo te mauri o te mana Maori” the language is the life principle of Maori mana.

Usage notes

Used instead of a when the possessor has no control over the relationship (inalienable possession).

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Middle English

Article

o

1. Alternative form of oo

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

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Middle Irish

Preposition

o

1. Alternative spelling of ó

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Middle Low German

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *awjō. Cognate with Old Norse ey (Swedish ö, Norwegian øy).

Pronunciation

• Stem vowel: ȫ²
  • (originally) IPA^(key): /œːj/

Noun

ö

1. island

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Navajo

Letter

o

1. The twenty-second letter of the Navajo alphabet:

   o = /o˨/

   ǫ = /õ˨/

   ó = /o˥/

   ǫ́ = /õ˥/

   oo = /oː˨˨/

   ǫǫ = /õː˨˨/

   óo = /oː˥˨/

   ǫ́ǫ = /õː˥˨/

   oó = /oː˨˥/

   ǫǫ́ = /õː˨˥/

   óó = /oː˥˥/

   ǫ́ǫ́ = /õː˥˥/

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Neapolitan

Etymology

From Latin aut.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /oː/

Particle

o

1. or

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Norwegian

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /uː/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /uː/, /ʊ/, /ɔ/

• Audio

  (file)

Letter

o

1. The 15th letter of the Norwegian alphabet.

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Letter

o (upper case O, definite singular o-en, indefinite plural o-ar, definite plural o-ane)

1. The 15th letter of the Norwegian alphabet.

Interjection

o

1. (dated or humorous) oh

Pronoun

o

1. (eye dialect) pronunciation spelling of ho

References

• “o” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

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O'odham

Particle

o

1. future tense marker: will; going to.

Usage notes

Not to be confused with ʼo, the third person copula.

References

• Zepeda, Ofelia (1983) A Tohono Oʼodham Grammar, Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, pages 169

See also

O'odham Auxiliary

Person		Imperfective	Perfective	Future
1SG 'I'	Long	'añ	'añt	o
	Short	ñ	nt
2SG 'THOU'	Long	'ap	'apt
	Short	a	pt
3SG 'S/HE/IT'	Long/Short	'o
1PL 'WE'	Long	'c	'att
	Short	c	tt
2PL 'Y'ALL'	Long	'am	'amt
	Short	m	mt
3PL 'THEY'	Long	'at	'o
	Short	t

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Occitan

Etymology 1

From Latin aut.

Conjunction

o

1. or

Etymology 2

Noun

o f (plural os)

1. o (the letter o, O)

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Old Irish

Preposition

o

1. Alternative spelling of ó

Noun

o

1. Alternative spelling of ó

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
o	unchanged	n-o
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

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Old Portuguese

Etymology

From earlier lo, la, from Latin illum, illam (the initial l having disappeared; compare Spanish lo and la).

Pronunciation

• (article): IPA^(key): /o/

Article

o

2. the (masculine singular definite article)
   • 13th Century - Cantiga de Santa Maria no. 23

     Esta é como Santa Maria acrecentou o vinho no tonel, por amor da bõa dona de Bretanha.

     This is how Holy Mary added the wine to the barrel, out of love for the good lady of Britain;

   • 13th Century - Cantiga de Santa Maria no. 48

     Esta é como Santa Maria tolheu a agua da fonte ao cavaleiro.

     This is how Holy Mary restricted the water of the fountain from the knight.

Usage notes

• O becomes -no and a becomes -na after nasal sounds:

  Non queria o meu coraçon nen-nos meus olhos. ― She wanted neither (the) my heart nor (the) my eyes.

  Ambas eran-nas melhores que (h)omen pode cousir. ― Both were the best that (a) man can contemplate.

• O becomes -lo and a becomes -la after other consonants, and the preceding consonant is elided:

  E vós faredes depoi-lo melhor! ― And later ye shall do the best!

  Sobre toda-las bondades que ela (h)avia era que muito fiava en Santa Maria; ― Above all the virtues she possessed was how much she trusted Holy Mary.

• O becomes el- in front of the noun rei:

  Deu ora el-rei seus dinheiros a Belpelho. ― The king, then, gave his money to Belpelho.

  Se fosse seu o tesouro que el-rei de França ten. ― Were it his the treasure that the king of France has.

Descendants

• Galician: o
• Portuguese: o

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Old Spanish

Etymology

From Latin ubi (“where”). Cognates with French où (“where”), Italian dove (“where”), Portuguese u (“where”) (archaic, replaced by onde).

Adverb

o

1. where

Usage notes

• O has been displaced in Modern Spanish by donde.
• O can be encountered in some Modern Spanish words such as doquiera (do (contraction of de ("of") + o ("where")) + quiera ("it may want"), literally " where it may want") and its apocopic form, doquier.

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Pnar

Etymology

Compare Lamet [Nkris] ʔɔːʔ, Riang [Sak] ʔoʔ¹.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔɔ/

Pronoun

o

1. I

Usage notes

• It identifies A or S arguments and therefore "nominative". Its topic position and accusative counterpart is nga.

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Polish

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *o(b), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔ/

• Audio

  (file)

Letter

o (upper case O, lower case)

1. The twentieth letter of the Polish alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, Ę ę, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ó ó, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u (V v), W w (X x), Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż

Preposition

o

1. (+ locative) about (concerning)

   Opowiedz mi o twojej pracy. ― Tell me about your job.

   Ta książka jest o potędze miłości. ― This book is about the power of love.

2. (+ locative) at (telling the time)

   Spotkajmy się o piątej po południu. ― Let's meet at five PM.

3. (+ locative, used in descriptions) with

   Była piękną kobietą o długich jasnych włosach. ― She was a beautiful woman with long fair hair.

   chłopiec o zielonych oczach ― a boy with green eyes; a green-eyed boy

4. (+ accusative) on, against

   Nie opierajcie się o te drzwi. ― Don't lean on this door.

   Dziewczynka uderzyła głową o stół. ― The little girl hit her head on the table.

5. (+ accusative) for

   Weronika poprosiła mnie wczoraj o pomoc. ― Veronica asked me for help yesterday.

   Walczyliśmy dzielnie o naszą wolność. ― We were bravely fighting for our freedom.

6. (+ accusative) by (a difference)

   Spóźniła się o piętnaście minut. ― She was fifteen minutes late.

   Czuję się o wiele lepiej. ― I feel much better.

   Obniż podkład o dwa półtony. ― Lower the instrumental by two semitones.

Interjection

o

1. oh

Further reading

• o in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• o in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (letter): IPA^(key): /ɔ/, /o/
• (article, pronoun): IPA^(key): /u/, /o/, [ʊ]
• Rhymes: -u

Etymology 1

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

2. The fifteenth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à,  â, àã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Etymology 2

From Old Portuguese o (compare Galician o), from Vulgar Latin lo, *illu, from Latin illum, from ille (with an initial l having disappeared; compare Spanish lo).

Article

o m (feminine a, masculine plural os, feminine plural as)

2. the (masculine singular definite article)
   • 2005, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 135:

     Não vi o tempo passar.

     I didn't notice the time passing.

Usage notes

For the most part, usage of the definite article in Portuguese is the same as in English. Some differences include:

• it is optionally but commonly used with abstract mass nouns:

  O amor é melhor que a guerra. ― Love is better than war.

• In Brazil, it can be optionally used with adjectival possessive pronouns, and mandatorily with substantival possessive pronouns; both are mandatory in Portugal:

  (O) meu livro é melhor que o seu. ― My book is better than yours.

• it can be used with personal names; often this indicates familiarity with the person (due to personal connection with them or because they are famous); this is avoided in formal contexts:

  (O) João foi até a cidade. ― João went to the city.

  (O) Einstein foi um cientista famoso. ― Einstein was a famous scientist.

• it is sometimes used instead of a possessive pronoun when the possessor is obvious from the context; this is especially prevalent when refering to parts of the body or one’s own relatives:

  O pai está viajando. ― (My) dad is travelling.

  Você falou com a tia? ― Did you talk with my/our aunt?

  Quando você quebrou os braços? ― When did you break your arms?

• it used in a construct that is uncommon in English but common in Portuguese whereby a singular is used as a representative or prototype of all instances of the thing:

  O carvalho é uma árvore grande. ― The oak is a big tree.

  A picape é responsável pela poluição. ― Pick-up trucks are responsible for the pollution.

• it is much more commonly used with placenames; most countries and states take the definite article, as do a minority of cities:

  Eu moro no Luxemburgo. ― I live in Luxembourg.

  O Rio de Janeiro fica no Brasil. ― Rio de Janeiro is in Brazil.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:o.

See also

Portuguese articles (edit)
	Singular		Plural
	Masculine	Feminine	Masculine	Feminine
Definite articles (the)	o	a	os	as
Indefinite articles (a, an; some)	um	uma	uns	umas

Pronoun

o m (personal)

2. (In Brazil, literary) him, it (as a direct object; as an indirect object, see lhe; after prepositions, see ele).
   • 2003, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix [Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix] (Harry Potter; 5), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 75:

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see [[Citations:o#|Citations:o]].

Usage notes

• Becomes after verb forms ending in -r, -s, or -z, the pronouns and , and the adverb ; the ending letter causing the change disappears.

  After :

  After :

  After :

  After :

  After :

• Becomes after a nasal sound:

• In the colloquial speech of most of Brazil, it is abandoned in favor of the nominative form .

See also

See Template:Portuguese personal pronouns for further pronouns.

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Rapa Nui

FWOTD – 27 December 2012[[Category:Foreign words of the day in ]]

Etymology 1

From .

Particle

1. possessive particle marking an inalienable possession; of

   2008, Sharon Chester, A wildlife guide to Chile, page 15:

   Polynesians are thought to have arrived at Easter Island around AD 800. They called the island Rapa Nui, or more familiarly Te Pito o Te Henua, the Navel of the World.

Usage notes

Inserted before the relevant pronoun. Only for possessions like hands or parents that do not have the ability to no longer be yours; otherwise, use .

Etymology 2

From .

Conjunction

1. or

Usage notes

Generally used in favor of complex native grammatical structures used to achieve the same ends.

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Romani

Etymology 1

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, written in the Latin script.
2. The letter of the alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• International Standard: . Pan-Vlax: .

Etymology 2

Article

1. the

Declension

The definite article

number and gender
nominative
oblique

Usage notes

• The definite article is used with proper nouns (given names and place names) as well.

References

• Yūsuke Sumi (2018), ”, in [] (in ), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, pages 21, 141

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Romanian

Etymology 1

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, called [[o#|o]] and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

See .

Etymology 2

From , feminine of .

Article

1. : a/an

See also

indefinite article forms	singular		plural
	,
nom/acc
gen/dat

Etymology 3

Interjection

1. oh

Etymology 4

From a root , from , accusative feminine singular of .

Pronoun

1. her

Etymology 5

Verb

1. (he/she) might

Etymology 6

From .

Verb

1. Used to form a variant of the future tense together with the verb in the subjunctive mood.

Usage notes

• In the third person plural, is sometimes used instead of o.

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Samoan

Preposition

1. of

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Scots

Etymology

From , from , from , from . Compare .

Preposition

1. of

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Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From , from . Cognates include .

Preposition

1. from
2. since

Inflection

Personal inflection of o
Number	Person	Simple	Emphatic
Singular	1st
	2nd
	3rd
	3rd
Plural	1st
	2nd
	3rd

Synonyms

• ,

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Letter

1. The 21st letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by and followed by .

Etymology 2

From , from . See , .

Preposition

1. on, against

2. about, concerning, of, on

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Skolt Sami

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, written in the Latin script.

---

Slovene

Etymology

From , from .

Preposition

1. about, concerning

---

Somba-Siawari

Noun

1. water
2. liquid
3. river

References

• Kaija Olkkonen, Soini Olkkonen, Somba-Siawari (Burum Mindik)—English dictionary (2007)

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Spanish

Pronunciation

• • Audio (Spain)

    (file)

Etymology 1

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, called [[o#|o]] and written in the Latin script.

Noun

1. Name of the letter

Etymology 2

From .

Alternative forms

• (used near numbers to avoid confusion with a zero: 2 ó 3)

Conjunction

1. or

Conjunction

1. either … or

Further reading

• “o” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

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Sranan Tongo

Etymology

Reduced form of .

Particle

Usage notes

For purely factual statements, is more common. This marker is mostly used for promises, or when the anticipation carries an emotive charge, such as hope or fear. For example, “I’ll see you” is not a purely factual statement; it implies, “I hope to see you (again, some time in the future)”. In Sranan Tongo, this is then expressed as “mi o si yu”.

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Swedish

Pronunciation

Letter name

Phoneme

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, called [[o#|o]] and written in the Latin script.

Interjection

1. O (particle)

   Så låt nu, o konung, härom utfärda ett förbud och sätta upp en skrivelse

   Now, O king, establish the decree, and sign the writing (Daniel 6:8)

Noun

1. the letter o
2. the Greek letter omega, being the last letter of the Greek alphabet

   Jag är A och O, den förste och den siste, begynnelsen och änden.

   I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last. (Revelations 22:13)

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Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from .

Conjunction

1. or

---

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From .

Conjunction

1. or

---

Tokelauan

Etymology 1

From . Cognates include and .

Preposition

1. ; of

Etymology 2

From . Cognates include and .

Interjection

1. ; yes

References

• R. Simona, editor (1986) ‎^[2], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 33

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Turkish

Due to Lua limitations, this entry may not be visible. See o/Turkish for a readable version.

Etymology

From , from older . Merger of and , ( and , respectively); both from . Cognate with and .

Pronoun

1. he, she, it

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	o
Definite accusative	onu
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	o	onlar
Definite accusative	onu	onları
Dative	ona	onlara
Locative	onda	onlarda
Ablative	ondan	onlardan
Genitive	onun	onların

See also

Turkish personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person		ben	biz
2nd person	familiar	sen	siz
	polite	siz
3rd person		o	onlar

Pronoun

1. that

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, called [[o#|o]] and written in the Latin script.

Noun

1. The name of the Latin-script letter [[O#|O]].

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Turkmen

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, called [[o#|o]] and written in the Latin script.

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Vietnamese

Etymology 1

From

Noun

1. paternal aunt, father's sister

Related terms

• ,

Etymology 2

Borrowed from .

Noun

1. The name of the Latin-script letter [[O#|O]].

Related terms

• ;

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Volapük

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Welsh

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

• :
• :
• :
• :

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, called [[o#|o]] and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by and followed by .

Derived terms

• Digraph sequences: , , , ,

Mutation

• o cannot be mutated but, being a vowel, does take , for example with the word :

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) ; , , , , , , , , , , , , /, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , /, , , , , ^{(Category: cy:Latin letter names)}

Noun

1. The name of the Latin-script letter [[O#|O]].

Etymology 2

Aphetic form of , reinforced form of

Pronoun

1. he, him

Usage notes

O is used predominantly in the north of Wales, while is used in the south, with and as variants of and respectively after a vowel. In formal Welsh, the equivalent pronoun is .

Etymology 3

From , from , from .

Preposition

1. from

2. of, out of

Inflection

Personal forms

	Singular	Plural
First person
Second person
Third person	/

Etymology 4

Conjunction

1. if
2. whether

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Yoruba

Etymology 1

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, called [[ó#|ó]] and written in the Latin script.

Noun

1. The name of the Latin-script letter [[O#|O]].

See also

• As used in Benin:

Etymology 2

Pronoun

1. you

Etymology 3

Pronoun

1. he/she/it

Etymology 4

Pronoun

1. him, her, it

Pronoun

1. him, her, it

See also

Affirmative subject pronouns

	singular	plural or honorific
1st person
2nd person
3rd person

Negative subject pronouns

	singular	plural or honorific
1st person	/
2nd person
3rd person	[pronoun dropped]

Object pronouns

	singular	plural or honorific
1st person
2nd person	/
3rd person	[preceding vowel repeated for monosyllabic verbs] /

Note: except for yín, object pronouns have a high tone following a low or mid tone monosyllabic verb, and a mid tone following a high tone. For complex verbs, the tone does not change.

Emphatic pronouns

	singular	plural or honorific
1st person
2nd person
3rd person

Etymology 6

.

Particle

1. not

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Zazaki

Pronoun

1. he

See also

Zazaki personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person		ez mı	ma
2nd person	familiar	tı to	şıma
	polite	şıma
3rd person		o a	ê

Pronoun

1. that

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Zou

Particle

1. ; O

References

• Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) , Canchipur: Manipur University, page 59

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Zulu

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, written in the Latin script.