o

See also: Appendix:Variations of "o" and O

Translingual

o U+006F, o LATIN SMALL LETTER O ← n [U+006E] Basic Latin p → [U+0070]

ｏ U+FF4F, ｏ FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER O ← ｎ [U+FF4E] Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms ｐ → [U+FF50]

Letter

o (upper case O)

1. The fifteenth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/

• IPA

  (file)

Symbol

o

1. (IPA) close-mid back rounded vowel

Gallery

• Letter styles
• 

  Capital and lowercase versions of O, in normal and italic type

• 

  Uppercase and lowercase O in Fraktur

See also

• (Latin script):  Aa  Bb  Cc  Dd  Ee  Ff  Gg  Hh  Ii  Jj  Kk  Ll  Mm  Nn  Oo  Pp  Qq  Rr  Sſs  Tt  Uu  Vv  Ww  Xx  Yy  Zz
• (Variations of letter O):  Óó  Òò  Ŏŏ  Ôô  Ốố  Ồồ  Ỗỗ  Ổổ  Ǒǒ  Öö  Ȫȫ  Őő  Õõ  Ṍṍ  Ṏṏ  Ȭȭ  Ȯȯ  Ȱȱ  Øø  Ǿǿ  Ǫǫ  Ǭǭ  Ōō  Ṓṓ  Ō̂ō̂  Ṑṑ  Ỏỏ  Ȍȍ  Ȏȏ  Ơơ  Ớớ  Ờờ  Ỡỡ  Ởở  Ợợ  Ọọ  Ộộ  Ɵɵ  ⱺ  ᴏ  Ｏｏ  Ꜵꜵ  Œœ  Ꝏꝏ  Ꝍꝍ  Ȣȣ

Other representations of O:

NATO phonetic: Oscar Morse code: ––– Braille: ⠕ ASL Manual: O

Signal flag:

Semaphore:

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English

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /əʊ/

• Audio (RP)

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /oʊ/

• Audio (GA)

  (file)

• Homophones: oh, owe
• Rhymes: -əʊ

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O, plural o's)

1. The fifteenth letter of the English alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Number

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The ordinal number fifteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

Noun

o (plural oes)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter O.
2. A zero (used in reading out numbers).

   It is currently two-o-five in the afternoon (2:05 PM).

   The first permanent English settlement in America was in Jamestown in sixteen-o-seven (1607).

Alternative forms

• oh

Derived terms

• okay
• kayo
• multiple o's

Translations

name of the letter O, o

• Arabic: أُوه‎ m (ʾūh), أُوه‎ m (ʾoh)
• Catalan: o (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: (English letter names are called as in English, no other standard Mandarin name exists)

• Esperanto: o (eo)
• Finnish: oo (fi)
• French: o (fr)
• Galician: o (gl) m
• Greek: όου n (óou)
• Hawaiian: ʻō
• Hindi: ओ (hi) (o)
• Ido: o (io)

• Irish: ó, onn
• Japanese: オウ (ja) (ou)
• Korean: 오 (ko) (o)
• Latin: ō (la)
• Malay: o (ms)
• Marathi: ओ (o)
• Portuguese: ó (pt) m
• Russian: о́у (ru) n (óu) (English), о (ru) n (o)
• Spanish: o (es) f
• Thai: โอ (th) (oo)
• Turkish: o (tr)
• Vietnamese: o (vi)

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) letter; a, bee, cee, dee, e, ef, gee, aitch, i, jay, kay, el, em, en, o, pee, cue, ar, ess, tee, u, vee, double-u, ex, wye, zee / zed
• oh

Etymology 2

Particle

o

1. (nonstandard) alternative form of O (vocative particle)
   • 2007 (1640), The Bay Psalm Book, Cosimo Classics, p.37, 41 & 46:

     I lift my soule to thee o Lord

     mee, o Iehovah, heare

     In thee, o Lord, I put my trust

Translations

vocative particle to mark direct address — see O

Interjection

o

1. Alternative form of oh

Noun

o

1. (IRC) Operator
2. Object, see SVO

Adjective

o

1. Over

Etymology 3

See o'.

Preposition

o

2. Alternative form of of

Further reading

• blood type on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

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Aragonese

Etymology

From Latin illum, accusative form of ille (“that”).

Article

o m (definite singular)

1. the

   O río Ebro ― The Ebro River

Usage notes

• Becomes l' before many words beginning with a vowel.
• The form lo, either pronounced as lo or ro, can be found after words ending with an -o.
• Eastern dialects use the form el.

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Asturian

Etymology

From Latin aut.

Conjunction

o

1. or

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Azerbaijani

Etymology

Other scripts
Cyrillic		о
Roman		o
Perso-Arabic		او‎

From Old Anatolian Turkish اول‎ (ol), Proto-Turkic *ol.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /ɔ/

Letter

o lower case (upper case O)

1. The twenty-first letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) hərf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ə ə, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, X x, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, Q q, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

Pronoun

o (definite accusative onu, plural onlar)

1. he, she, it

Declension

Declension of Azerbaijani personal pronouns

	singular				plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
nominative	mən	sən	o		biz	siz	onlar
accusative	məni	səni	onu		bizi	sizi	onları
dative	mənə	sənə	ona		bizə	sizə	onlara
locative	məndə	səndə	onda		bizdə	sizdə	onlarda
ablative	məndən	səndən	ondan		bizdən	sizdən	onlardan
genitive	mənim	sənin	onun		bizim	sizin	onların

Derived terms

• onunku

---

Borôro

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔ/

Noun

o

1. tooth

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Catalan

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈo/

Noun

o f (plural os)

1. The Latin letter O (lowercase o).

Etymology 2

From Latin aut.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈɔ/

Conjunction

o

1. or

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Crimean Tatar

Pronoun

o (personal)

1. he, she, it

   Synonym: anav (Northern dialect)

Pronoun

o (demonstrative)

1. that

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Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *o(b), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/

• Audio

  (file)

Preposition

o

1. (+ locative) about
2. (+ accusative) for

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Danish

Particle

o

1. (elevated or humorous) Vocative particle.
   • 1867, Sigurd MÜLLER, Digte, page 132

     O, du dødsens Sol / O, forbandede Sol, / Som har seet, hvad jeg saae!

     O sun of death / O accursed sun / Who has seen what I saw!

   • (Can we date this quote?), Henrik Pontoppidan, Det forjættede land: Med forord af Kristian Bang Foss, Gyldendal A/S (→ISBN)

     ... løftede i ekstase blikket mod stjernehimlen og bad: „O, min Fader i det høje, ... du ... du alene forstøder mig ikke!

     ... ecstatically lifted his gaze towards the starry sky and prayed: "O my Father in the high, ... you ... you alone will not repudiate me!

   • 1926, Tilskueren

     Min Elskede, o min Elskede. Sabine. Men Du maa bort.

     My beloved, o my beloved. Sabine. But you must leave.

   • 1854, Henrik Wergelands Samlede Skrifter, page 341

     Giulio: […] O forhadte Venedig, aldrig meer jeg dig vil se!

     Giulio: […] O loathsome Venice, I never want see you again!

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -oː
• IPA^(key): /oː/

• Audio

  (file)

Interjection

o

1. oh

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Dutch alphabet.

See also

• Previous letter: n
• Next letter: p

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Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/
• Hyphenation: o
• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The nineteenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, Ĉ ĉ, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ĝ ĝ, H h, Ĥ ĥ, I i, J j, Ĵ ĵ, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Ŝ ŝ, T t, U u, Ŭ ŭ, V v, Z z

Noun

o (accusative singular o-on, plural o-oj, accusative plural o-ojn)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter O.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) litero; a, bo, co, ĉo, do, e, fo, go, ĝo, ho, ĥo, i, jo, ĵo, ko, lo, mo, no, o, po, ro, so, ŝo, to, u, ŭo, vo, zo

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Estonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈoː/

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called oo and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) täht; A a, B b (C c), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Š š, Z z, Ž ž, T t, U u, V v (W w), Õ õ, Ä ä, Ö ö, Ü ü (X x, Y y)

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Extremaduran

Conjunction

o

1. or

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Fala

Etymology 1

From Old Portuguese o, from Latin illo (“he”).

Article

o m (plural os, feminine a, feminine plural as)

1. masculine singular definite article (the)
   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:

     O términu de Valverdi, mais grandi, limita con Portugal, precisamenti con dois distintius Departamentos, que eran Beira Alta con capital en Guarda, a Beira Baixa con capital en Castelo Branco.

     The Valverde locality, the biggest, borders Portugal, more precisely with two distinct departments, which were Beira Alta with Guarda as its capital, and Beira Baixa with Castelo Branco as its capital.

Etymology 2

From Old Portuguese ou, from Latin aut (“or”).

Conjunction

o

1. or
   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme 6:

     Poin encontralsi, a o millol, hasta “oito” o mais.

     There can be found, at best, up to “eight” or more.

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Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /oː/
• Homophones: og, ov

Letter

o (upper case O)

1. The seventeenth letter of the Faroese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bókstavur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Рð, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, Y y, Ý ý, Æ æ, Ø ø

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Finnish

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called oo and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö

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French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -o

Noun

o m (plural os)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter O.

Symbol

o

1. (computing) octet (B (byte))

Derived terms

• (computing): ko, Mo, Go, To, Po, Eo, Zo, Yo
• (computing): o/s, ko/s, Mo/s, Go/s, To/s, Po/s, Eo/s, Zo/s, Yo/s

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Fula

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dʒ/

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

See also

• (Latin-script letters) karfeeje; ', A a, B b, Mb mb, Ɓ ɓ, C c, D d, Nd nd, Ɗ ɗ, E e, F f, G g, Ng ng, Ɠ ɠ, H h, I i, J j, Nj nj, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, Ñ ñ, Ɲ ɲ, O o, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Ƴ ƴ

Etymology 2

Suffix

o (plural ɓe)

1. Noun class indicator for nouns (singular) having to do with people, and for loan words

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

Pronoun

o

1. he, she (third person singular subject pronoun; short form)

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).
• This is used in all conjugations except for affirmative non-accomplished (where the long form is used).

Alternative forms

• mo

Related terms

• omo (second person singular subject pronoun; long form)
• himo (second person singular subject pronoun; long form; variant in Pular)
• kanko (emphatic form)

Derived terms

• makko (possessive pronoun)

Article

o

1. (definite) the (when it follows the noun)

   Debbo o ― the woman

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

Determiner

o

1. used in indicating someone

   O debbo ― this/that woman

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

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Galician

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o̝/, [ʊ]

• Audio

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese o, from Latin illum, from ille.

Alternative forms

• lo

Article

o m sg (feminine singular a, masculine plural os, feminine plural as)

1. (definite) the

Usage notes

• The definite article o (in all its forms), due to historical sandhi, regularly forms contractions when it follows the prepositions a (“to”), con (“with”), de (“of, from”), and en (“in”). For example, con o (“with the”) contracts to co, and en o (“in the”) contracts to no.
• The definite article o (in all its forms), due to historical sandhi, contracts with preceding words which ends in [s] or [r] into the second form of the article lo (la, los, las); this feature, frequent in spoken Galician, is not always marked in the written language. When done, a hyphen is used to separate both words:

Debes comer o caldo ~ Debes come-lo caldo ― You should eat the soup

Derived terms

• ao
• co
• do
• no
• ó

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronoun

o

1. accusative of el

Usage notes

The Galician pronouns, being atones, are usually appended to the verb; though sandhi, o could acquire the form -no (for example, when appended to a verb form ended in a falling diphthong or in a nasal consonant, the nasal in -no having an antihiatic epenthetic origin) or -lo (when appended to a verb form ended in a -s or -r, the l having its origin in the assimilation of the -s or -r with the l present in the pronoun before the 12th century).

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German

Interjection

o

1. O
   • 1843, Gallus Schwab, Gebetbuch für katholische Christen, Bamberg, p.45:

     Sei gegrüßet, o Du mein Jesu! Mit tieftster Demuth bete ich Dich an und verehre Dich!

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Gothic

Romanization

ō

1. Romanization of 𐍉

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Guaraní

Etymology

Clipping of óga.

Noun

o

1. house

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Hawaiian

Conjunction

o

1. or, lest

Preposition

o

1. of, belonging to

Usage notes

• Used for possessions that are inherited, out of personal control, and for things that can be got into (houses, clothes, cars), while a is used for acquired possessions.

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Ido

Pronunciation

• (context pronunciation, letter name) IPA^(key): /o/

Letter

o (upper case O)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Conjunction

o

1. Apocopic form of od

Related terms

• e (“and”)
• a (“to”)

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Italian

Etymology 1

From Latin ō (the name of the letter O).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔ/
• Rhymes: -ɔ
• Hyphenation: ò
• Homophone: ho

Noun

o f (invariable)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter O.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) lettera; a, bi, ci, di, e, effe, gi, acca, i, i lunga, kappa, elle, emme, enne, o, pi, cu, erre, esse, ti, u, vu, doppia vu, ics, ipsilon, zeta

Etymology 2

From Latin aut.

Alternative forms

• od (used optionally before words beginning with a vowel)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/
• Rhymes: -o
• Hyphenation: ó

Conjunction

o

1. or

Etymology 3

Verb

o

1. Misspelling of ho.

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Japanese

Romanization

o

1. Rōmaji transcription of お
2. Rōmaji transcription of オ
3. Rōmaji transcription of を
4. Rōmaji transcription of ヲ

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Ladin

Etymology

From Latin aut.

Conjunction

o

1. or

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Latin

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Letter

o

1. A letter of the Latin alphabet.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /oː/
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /o/, [ɔ]

Noun

ō f (indeclinable)

1. The name of the letter O.

Coordinate terms

• (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta

References

• o in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• o in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• o in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• o in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • monstrous: o facinus indignum! (Ter. Andr. 1. 1. 118)
    
  • to take the military oath: sacramentum (o) dicere (vid. sect. XI. 2, note sacramentum...)
    
• o in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

• ô (for the vocative particle)
• ōh (for the interjection meaning "oh")

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /oː/
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /o/, [ɔ]

Interjection

ō

1. o! (vocative particle)
   • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.II:

     O tempora, o mores! Senatus haec intellegit, consul videt; hic tamen vivit. Vivit?

     Shame on the age and on its principles! The senate is aware of these things; the consul sees them; and yet this man lives. Lives!

   • 4th century, St Jerome, Vulgate, Judges 3:19

     et reversus de Galgalis ubi erant idola dixit ad regem verbum secretum habeo ad te o rex et ille imperavit silentium egressisque omnibus qui circa eum erant (Then returning from Galgal, where the idols were, he said to the king: I have a secret message to thee, O king. And he commanded silence: and all being gone out that were about him,)

2. oh!

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Latvian

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [uə̯], IPA^(key): [o], IPA^(key): [oː]

Letter

O

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The twenty-third letter of the Latvian alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

In native Latvian words (and in some older borrowings), o represents the sound of IPA [uə̯] (e.g., otrs [uə̯tɾs]). In more recent borrowings, it represents the original sound of the word, i.e. [o] or [oː] (e.g., opera [oːpeɾa]).

See also

• (Latin-script letters) burts; A a, Ā ā, B b, C c, Č č, D d, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, Ģ ģ, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, Ķ ķ, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [o]

Noun

o m (invariable)

1. The name of the Latin script letter O/o.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) latviešu burtu vārdi; a, garais ā, bē, cē, čē, dē, e, garais ē, ef, gā, ģē, hā, i, garais ī, jē, kā, ķē, el, eļ, em, en, eņ, o, pē, er, es, eš, tē, u, garais ū, vē, zē, žē

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Ligurian

Ligurian Definite Articles
	singular	plural
masculine	o	i
feminine	a	e

Etymology

From earlier ro ← lo, from Latin illum, form of ille (“that”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /u/

Article

o m sg (plural i)

1. the

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Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō; compare Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”). From Proto-Indo-European *h₁od; compare Sanskrit आत् (āt, “afterwards, then, so”), Avestan 𐬁𐬀𐬝‎ (āat̰, “afterward, then”), perhaps the ablative singular of *h₁e- (“demonstrative pronoun”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /oː/

Conjunction

õ

1. (coordinating, adversative) and, but (used to express binary contrasts)

   Taĩ ne kažkàs, ką̃ víenas gãli darýti, õ kìtas – nè. ― It's not something that some people can do and others can't.

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Livonian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /o/

Letter

o (upper case O)

1. The twenty-second letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) kēratēḑ; A a, Ā ā, Ä ä, Ǟ ǟ, B b, D d, Ḑ ḑ, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, Ō ō, Ȯ ȯ, Ȱ ȱ, Õ õ, Ȭ ȭ, P p, R r, Ŗ ŗ, S s, Š š, T t, Ț ț, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

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Malay

Letter

o

1. The fifteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

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Mandarin

Romanization

o

1. Nonstandard spelling of ō.
2. Nonstandard spelling of ó.
3. Nonstandard spelling of ǒ.
4. Nonstandard spelling of ò.

Usage notes

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

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Maori

Particle

o

1. of

   2006, Joanne Barker, Sovereignty Matters, page 208:

   In 1979 a gathering of elders at the Waananga kaumatua affirmed te reo Maori “Ko te reo te mauri o te mana Maori” the language is the life principle of Maori mana.

Usage notes

Used instead of a when the possessor has no control over the relationship (inalienable possession).

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Middle English

Article

o

1. Alternative form of oo

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

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Middle Low German

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *awjō. Cognate with Old Norse ey (Swedish ö, Norwegian øy).

Pronunciation

• Stem vowel: ȫ²
  • (originally) IPA^(key): /œːj/

Noun

ö

1. island

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Navajo

Letter

o

1. The twenty-second letter of the Navajo alphabet:

   o = /o˨/

   ǫ = /õ˨/

   ó = /o˥/

   ǫ́ = /õ˥/

   oo = /oː˨˨/

   ǫǫ = /õː˨˨/

   óo = /oː˥˨/

   ǫ́ǫ = /õː˥˨/

   oó = /oː˨˥/

   ǫǫ́ = /õː˨˥/

   óó = /oː˥˥/

   ǫ́ǫ́ = /õː˥˥/

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Neapolitan

Etymology

From Latin aut.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /oː/

Particle

o

1. or

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Norwegian

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /uː/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /uː/, /ʊ/, /ɔ/

• Audio

  (file)

Letter

o

1. The 15th letter of the Norwegian alphabet.

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O'odham

Particle

o

1. future tense marker: will; going to.

Usage notes

Not to be confused with ʼo, the third person copula.

References

• Zepeda, Ofelia (1983) A Tohono Oʼodham Grammar, Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, pages 169

See also

O'odham Auxiliary

Person		Imperfective	Perfective	Future
1SG 'I'	Long	'añ	'añt	o
	Short	ñ	nt
2SG 'THOU'	Long	'ap	'apt
	Short	a	pt
3SG 'S/HE/IT'	Long/Short	'o
1PL 'WE'	Long	'c	'att
	Short	c	tt
2PL 'Y'ALL'	Long	'am	'amt
	Short	m	mt
3PL 'THEY'	Long	'at	'o
	Short	t

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Old Portuguese

Etymology

From earlier lo, la, from Latin illum, illam (the initial l having disappeared; compare Spanish lo and la).

Pronunciation

• (article): IPA^(key): /o/

Article

o

2. the (masculine singular definite article)
   • 13th Century - Cantiga de Santa Maria no. 23

     Esta é como Santa Maria acrecentou o vinho no tonel, por amor da bõa dona de Bretanha.

     This is how Holy Mary added the wine to the barrel, out of love for the good lady of Britain;

   • 13th Century - Cantiga de Santa Maria no. 48

     Esta é como Santa Maria tolheu a agua da fonte ao cavaleiro.

     This is how Holy Mary restricted the water of the fountain from the knight.

Usage notes

• O becomes -no and a becomes -na after nasal sounds:

  Non queria o meu coraçon nen-nos meus olhos. ― She wanted neither (the) my heart nor (the) my eyes.

  Ambas eran-nas melhores que (h)omen pode cousir. ― Both were the best that (a) man can contemplate.

• O becomes -lo and a becomes -la after other consonants, and the preceding consonant is elided:

  E vós faredes depoi-lo melhor! ― And later ye shall do the best!

  Sobre toda-las bondades que ela (h)avia era que muito fiava en Santa Maria; ― Above all the virtues she possessed was how much she trusted Holy Mary.

• O becomes el- in front of the noun rei:

  Deu ora el-rei seus dinheiros a Belpelho. ― The king, then, gave his money to Belpelho.

  Se fosse seu o tesouro que el-rei de França ten. ― Were it his the treasure that the king of France has.

Descendants

• Galician: o
• Portuguese: o

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Polish

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *o(b), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔ/

• Audio

  (file)

Preposition

o

1. (+ locative) about (concerning)

   Opowiedz mi o twojej pracy. ― Tell me about your job.

   Ta książka jest o potędze miłości. ― This book is about the power of love.

2. (+ locative) at (telling the time)

   Spotkajmy się o piątej po południu. ― Let's meet at five PM.

3. (+ locative, used in descriptions) with

   Była piękną kobietą o długich jasnych włosach. ― She was a beautiful woman with long fair hair.

   chłopiec o zielonych oczach ― a boy with green eyes; a green-eyed boy

4. (+ accusative) on, against

   Nie opierajcie się o te drzwi. ― Don't lean on this door.

   Dziewczynka uderzyła głową o stół. ― The little girl hit her head on the table.

5. (+ accusative) for

   Weronika poprosiła mnie wczoraj o pomoc. ― Veronica asked me for help yesterday.

   Walczyliśmy dzielnie o naszą wolność. ― We were bravely fighting for our freedom.

6. (+ accusative) by (a difference)

   Spóźniła się o piętnaście minut. ― She was fifteen minutes late.

   Czuję się o wiele lepiej. ― I feel much better.

   Obniż podkład o dwa półtony. ― Lower the instrumental by two semitones.

Further reading

• o in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• o in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (letter): IPA^(key): /ɔ/, /o/
• (article, pronoun): IPA^(key): /u/

Etymology 1

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

2. The fifteenth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à,  â, àã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Etymology 2

From Old Portuguese o (compare Galician o), from Vulgar Latin lo, *illu, from Latin illum, from ille (with an initial l having disappeared; compare Spanish lo).

Article

o m (feminine a, masculine plural os, feminine plural as)

2. the (masculine singular definite article)
   • 2003, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix [Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix] (Harry Potter; 5), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 75:

     Não o perdoou por abandonar o serviço em vez de seguir você.

     She didn't forgive him for abandoning his service instead of following you.

   • 2005, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 135:

     Não vi o tempo passar.

     I didn't notice the time passing.

   • 2005, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 361:

     [...] disse o professor com um sorrisinho [...]

     [...] the teacher said with a little smile [...]

Usage notes

Usage of the definite article in Portuguese has some differences from that of English, such as:

• it can be used with abstract mass nouns:

  O amor é melhor que a guerra. ― Love is better than war.

• it can be optionally used with adjectival possessive pronouns, and mandatorily with substantival possessive pronouns:

  (O) meu livro é melhor que o seu. ― My book is better than yours.

• it can be used with personal names:

  O João foi até a cidade. ― João went to the city.

• it can be used without a possessive pronoun when referring to a relative:

  O pai está viajando. ― (My) dad is travelling.

  Ele não gosta da tia. ― He doesn’t like his aunt.

• more often than in English, it used with a singular to indicate a generic example of, or the noun in general:

  O carvalho é uma árvore grande. ― The oak is a big tree.

Quotations

For quotations of use of this term, see Citations:o.

See also

Portuguese articles (edit)
	Singular		Plural
	Masculine	Feminine	Masculine	Feminine
Definite articles (the)	o	a	os	as
Indefinite articles (a, an; some)	um	uma	uns	umas

Pronoun

o m (personal)

2. him, it (as a direct object; as an indirect object, see lhe; after prepositions, see ele).
   • 2003, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix [Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix] (Harry Potter; 5), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 75:

     Não o perdoou por abandonar o serviço em vez de seguir você.

     She didn't forgive him for abandoning his service instead of following you.

   • 2007, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e as Relíquias da Morte [Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows] (Harry Potter; 7), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 287:

     Por que, então, ela o conduzira àquele lugar?

     Why, then, did she lead him to that place?

Quotations

For quotations of use of this term, see Citations:o.

Usage notes

• Becomes -lo after verb forms ending in -r, -s, or -z, the pronouns nos and vos, and the adverb eis; the ending letter causing the change disappears.

  After ver:

  Posso vê-lo? ― May I see him/it?

  After conheces:

  Conhece-lo?. ― Do you know him/it?

  After fiz:

  Fi-lo ficar contente. ― I made him/it become happy.

  After nos:

  Deu-no-lo relutantemente. ― He gave him/it to us reluctantly.

  After eis:

  Ei-lo! ― Behold him/it!

• Becomes -no after a nasal sound:

  Detêm-no como prisioneiro. ― They detain him/it as a prisoner.

  Põe-no aqui. ― Put him/it here.

• In the colloquial speech of some parts of Brazil, it is being abandoned in favor of the nominative form ele.

  Eu o vi. → Eu vi ele. ― I saw him/it.

See also

Portuguese personal pronouns (edit)
Number	Person	Nominative (subject)		Accusative (direct object)		Dative (indirect object)	Prepositional		Prepositional with com		Non-declining
		m	f	m	f	m and f	m	f	m	f	m	f
Singular	First	eu		me			mim		comigo
	Second	tu		te			ti		contigo		você
											o senhor	a senhora
	Third	ele	ela	o (lo, no)	a (la, na)	lhe	ele	ela	com ele	com ela	o mesmo	a mesma
				se (reflexive)			si (reflexive)		consigo (reflexive)
Plural	First	nós		nos			nós		connosco (Portugal) conosco (Brazil)		a gente
	Second	vós		vos			vós		convosco		vocês
											os senhores	as senhoras
	Third	eles	elas	os (los, nos)	as (las, nas)	lhes	eles	elas	com eles	com elas	os mesmos	as mesmas
				se (reflexive)			si (reflexive)		consigo (reflexive)
Indefinite				se (reflexive)			si (reflexive)		consigo (reflexive)

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Rapa Nui

FWOTD – 27 December 2012

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *o.

Particle

o

1. possessive particle marking an inalienable possession; of

   2008, Sharon Chester, A wildlife guide to Chile, page 15:

   Polynesians are thought to have arrived at Easter Island around AD 800. They called the island Rapa Nui, or more familiarly Te Pito o Te Henua, the Navel of the World.

Usage notes

Inserted before the relevant pronoun. Only for possessions like hands or parents that do not have the ability to no longer be yours; otherwise, use a.

Etymology 2

From Spanish o (“or”).

Conjunction

o

1. or

Usage notes

Generally used in favor of complex native grammatical structures used to achieve the same ends.

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Romani

Article

o m (feminine i, masculine and feminine plural e)

1. the

   o rrom ― the Romani man

   i Sperànca ― Speranza

   i Rumùnia ― Romania

   o Parìzo ― Paris

Usage notes

• The definite article is used with proper nouns (given names and place names) as well.

References

• Yūsuke Sumi (2018), “o”, in ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, pages 21, 141

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Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/

Etymology 1

Letter

o (lower case, upper case O)

1. The eighteenth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

See O.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ă ă,  â, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Πî, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, Ș ș, T t, Ț ț, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Etymology 2

From Latin ūna, feminine of ūnus.

Article

o

1. feminine singular nominative/accusative of un: a/an (indefinite article)

   O femeie frumoasă ― A beautiful woman

Related terms

• un
• una

See also

indefinite article forms	singular		plural
	m, n	f
nom/acc	un	o	niște
gen/dat	unui	unei	unor

Etymology 3

Interjection

o

1. oh

Etymology 4

From a root *eaua, from Latin illam, accusative feminine singular of ille.

Pronoun

o f (unstressed accusative form of ea)

1. (direct object) her

   O cunoști? ― Do you know her?

   O cunoști pe Iulia? ― Do you know Iulia?

Related terms

• îl (masculine equivalent)
• le (plural)

Etymology 5

Verb

1. (he/she) might

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Samoan

Preposition

1. of

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Scots

Preposition

1. of

---

Scottish Gaelic

Preposition

1. from

Derived terms

• The following prepositional pronouns:

Person	Number	Prepositional pronoun	Prepositional pronoun (emphatic)
Singular	1st
	2nd
	3rd
	3rd
Plural	1st
	2nd
	3rd

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Letter

1. The 21st letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by and followed by .

Etymology 2

From , from . See , .

Preposition

1. on, against

2. about, concerning, of, on

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Skolt Sami

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, written in the Latin script.

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Slovene

Etymology

From , from .

Preposition

1. about, concerning

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Somba-Siawari

Noun

1. water
2. liquid
3. river

References

• Kaija Olkkonen, Soini Olkkonen, Somba-Siawari (Burum Mindik)—English dictionary (2007)

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Spanish

Pronunciation

• • Audio (Spain)

    (file)

Etymology 1

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, called [[o#|o]] and written in the Latin script.

Noun

1. Name of the letter .

Etymology 2

From .

Alternative forms

• (used near numbers to avoid confusion with a zero: 2 ó 3)

Conjunction

1. or

Conjunction

1. either … or

Antonyms

• …

Further reading

• “o” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

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Sranan Tongo

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Swedish

Pronunciation

Letter name

Phoneme

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, called [[o#|o]] and written in the Latin script.

Interjection

1. O (particle)

   Så låt nu, o konung, härom utfärda ett förbud och sätta upp en skrivelse

   Now, O king, establish the decree, and sign the writing (Daniel 6:8)

Noun

1. the letter o
2. the Greek letter omega, being the last letter of the Greek alphabet

   Jag är A och O, den förste och den siste, begynnelsen och änden.

   I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last. (Revelations 22:13)

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Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from .

Conjunction

1. or

---

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From .

Conjunction

1. or

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Turkish

Etymology

Merger of and , from and , respectively; both from . Cognate with and .

Pronoun

1. he, she, it

See also

Turkish personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person		ben	biz
2nd person	familiar	sen	siz
	polite	siz
3rd person		o	onlar

Pronoun

1. that

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, called [[o#|o]] and written in the Latin script.

Noun

1. The name of the Latin-script letter [[O#|O]].

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Turkmen

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, called [[o#|o]] and written in the Latin script.

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Vietnamese

Etymology 1

From

Noun

1. paternal aunt, father's sister

Related terms

• ,

Etymology 2

Borrowed from .

Noun

1. The name of the Latin-script letter [[O#|O]].

Related terms

• ;

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Volapük

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Welsh

Etymology 1

Pronoun

1. he, him

Usage notes

O is used predominantly in the north of Wales, while is used in the south, with and as variants of and respectively. In formal Welsh, the equivalent pronoun is .

Etymology 2

From , from , from .

Preposition

1. of
2. from

Inflection

Personal forms

	Singular	Plural
First person
Second person
Third person	/

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Zazaki

Pronoun

1. he

See also

Zazaki personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person		ez mı	ma
2nd person	familiar	tı to	şıma
	polite	şıma
3rd person		o a	ê

Pronoun

1. that

---

Zou

Particle

1. , (vocative particle)

References

• http://www.languageinindia.com/feb2013/zouphonologyfinal.pdf

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Zulu

Letter

1. The letter of the alphabet, written in the Latin script.