Damascus

English

Etymology

From Latin Damascus, from Ancient Greek Δαμασκός (Damaskós), from a Semitic form akin to Hebrew דַּמֶּשֶׂק.

The etymology of the ancient name Damascus is uncertain. It is attested as Imerišú (𒀲𒋙) in Akkadian, T-m-ś-q (𓍘𓄟𓊃𓈎𓅱) in Egyptian, Dammaśq (𐡃𐡌𐡔𐡒) in Old Aramaic and Dammeśeq (דַּמֶּשֶׂק) in Biblical Hebrew. A number of Akkadian spellings are found in the Amarna letters, from the 14th century BC: Dimasqa (𒁲𒈦𒋡), Dimàsqì (𒁲𒈦𒀸𒄀), and Dimàsqa (𒁲𒈦𒀸𒋡).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dəˈmæskəs/, /dəˈmɑːskəs/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: Da‧mas‧cus

Proper noun

Damascus

2. The capital city of Syria.

Derived terms

• Damascene
• Damascus blade
• Damascus iron
• Damascus rose
• Damascus steel
• Damascus twist
• damask
• damson

 

Translations

the capital city of Syria

• Afrikaans: Damaskus
• Akkadian: 𒁲𒈦𒋡 (dimasqa)
• Albanian: Damasku
• Amharic: ደማስቆ (dämasḳo)
• Arabic: دِمَشْق (ar) f (dimašq), جَيْرُون f (jayrūn), الشَّام f (aš-šām)

  Egyptian Arabic: دمشق f (demešʔ)

  Hijazi Arabic: دِمَشْق f (dimašg)

  North Levantine Arabic: الشام f (əš-šām)

• Aramaic:

  Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܕܪܡܣܘܩ (darmsoq)

  Hebrew: דַּרְמֶשֶׂק (darmeseq)

  Syriac: ܕܪܡܣܘܩ (darmsūq)

• Armenian: Դամասկոս (hy) (Damaskos)

  Old Armenian: Դամասկոս (Damaskos)

• Assamese: ডামাস্কাছ (damaskas)
• Azerbaijani: Dəməşq (az), Şam (az)
• Basque: Damasko
• Belarusian: Дама́ск m (Damásk)
• Bengali: দামেস্ক (bn) (damesko)
• Breton: Damask m
• Bulgarian: Дама́ск (bg) m (Damásk)
• Burmese: ဒမားစကပ်မြို့ (da.ma:ca.kapmrui.)
• Catalan: Damasc (ca)
• Chechen: Димашкъ (Dimašqʼ)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 大馬士革／大马士革 (daai⁶ maa⁵ si⁶ gaak³)

  Mandarin: 大馬士革／大马士革 (zh) (Dàmǎshìgé)

• Chuvash: Дамаск (Damask)
• Czech: Damašek (cs) m
• Danish: Damaskus n
• Dhivehi: ދިމިޝްޤު (dimišqu)
• Dutch: Damascus (nl) n
• Egyptian: (tjmsqw)
• Esperanto: Damasko (eo)
• Farefare: Damasko
• Faroese: Damaskus m
• Finnish: Damaskos (fi)
• French: Damas (fr) f
• Galician: Damasco
• Georgian: დამასკო (ka) (damasḳo)
• German: Damaskus (de) n
• Greek: Δαμασκός (el) f (Damaskós)

  Ancient: Δαμασκός f (Damaskós)

• Hawaiian: Kamakeko
• Hebrew: דַּמֶּשֶׂק (he) f (daméseq)
• Hindi: दमिश्क़ m (damiśq), दमिश्क m (damiśk), दिमाश्क़ m (dimāśq), डमास्कस m (ḍamāskas), शाम (hi) m (śām)
• Hungarian: Damaszkusz (hu)
• Icelandic: Damaskus
• Indonesian: Damaskus
• Irish: an Damaisc f
• Italian: Damasco (it) f
• Japanese: ダマスカス (ja) (Damasukasu)
• Kazakh: Дамашық (Damaşyq)
• Khmer: ដាម៉ាស (km) (daamaah)
• Korean: 다마스쿠스 (Damaseukuseu), 디마스끄 (ko) (Dimaseukkeu) (North Korea)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: دیمەشق (ckb) (dîmeşq)

  Northern Kurdish: Şam (ku), Dimeşq

• Kyrgyz: Дамаск (ky) (Damask)
• Lao: ດາມາດ (dā māt)
• Latin: Damascus f
• Latvian: Damaska f
• Lithuanian: Damaskas m
• Macedonian: Да́маск m (Dámask)
• Malay: Damsyik
• Maltese: Damasku
• Maore Comorian: Damasko
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: Дамаск (Damask)

• Navajo: Damáskʼos
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: Damaskus

  Nynorsk: Damaskus

• Ottoman Turkish: دمشق (Dimişk)
• Pashto: دمشق (ps) m (damešq), شام m (šām)
• Persian:

  Dari: دَمِشْق (fa) (damišq), شَام (fa) (šām)

  Iranian Persian: دَمِشْق (fa) (damešğ), شام (fa) (šâm)

• Polish: Damaszek (pl) m
• Portuguese: Damasco (pt) f
• Quechua: Dimashq
• Romanian: Damasc (ro)
• Russian: Дама́ск (ru) m (Damásk)
• Scottish Gaelic: Damascus
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Да̀маск m

  Roman: Dàmask (sh) m

• Sinhalese: දමස්කස් (damaskas)
• Slovak: Damask m
• Slovene: Damásk (sl) m
• Somali: Dimishiq
• Spanish: Damasco (es) m
• Swedish: Damaskus (sv) n
• Tagalog: Damasko
• Tajik: Димишқ (tg) (Dimišq), Шом (Šom)
• Tamil: திமிஷ்கு (timiṣku)
• Tatar: Дамаск (Damask)
• Thai: ดามัสกัส (daa-mát-gás)
• Turkish: Şam (tr), Dimaşk
• Turkmen: Damask
• Ukrainian: Дама́ск m (Damásk)
• Urdu: دَمِشْق m (damiśq), شام m (śām)
• Urum: Шам (Şam)
• Uyghur: دەمەشىق (demeshiq)
• Uzbek: Damashq (uz), Shom
• Vietnamese: Đa-mát
• Welsh: Damascus
• Yakut: Дамаскус (Damaskus)
• Yiddish: דמשׂק n (damesek)

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch damascus, from Latin Damascus, from Ancient Greek Δαμασκός (Damaskós), from a Semitic language.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌdaːˈmɑs.kʏs/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: Da‧mas‧cus

Proper noun

Damascus n

1. Damascus (the capital city of Syria)

Derived terms

• Damasceen

Related terms

• Damasceens
• Damascener

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek Δαμασκός (Damaskós), from a Semitic source.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /daːˈmas.kus/, [d̪äːˈmäs̠kʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /daˈmas.kus/, [d̪äˈmäskus]

Proper noun

Dāmascus f sg (genitive Dāmascī); second declension

1. Damascus (an ancient city and the capital city of modern Syria)

Declension

Second-declension noun, with locative, singular only.

Case	Singular
Nominative	Dāmascus
Genitive	Dāmascī
Dative	Dāmascō
Accusative	Dāmascum
Ablative	Dāmascō
Vocative	Dāmasce
Locative	Dāmascī

References

• “Damascus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Damascus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.