Appendix:Dutch pronunciation

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Dutch pronunciations in Wiktionary entries.

Consonants IPA Examples English approximation b bal ball d dan done dʒ jungle jungle f fiets fits ɡ goal goal ɣ gast loch (Scottish), but with voice ɦ had hut, but with voice j ja yard k koud cold l last last m mast must n nat not ŋ lang long p pak puck r rest rest, trilled/rolled or uvular trill [ʀ] s saai say ʃ chef chef t tal tall tʃ check check v vat vat ʋ wat Watt, but with upper teeth against lower lips x lach loch (Scottish) z ziek zip ʒ montage montage Stress ˈ buideldier [ˈbœydəlˌdiːr] as in battleship [ˈbætəlˌʃɪp] ˌ

Vowels IPA Examples English approximation Monophthongs ɑ dak dog (but more open), pa (but shorter) aː baan pa ɛ bed bed eː beet bait ɛː crème yeah, or RP English bare ɪ zit sit i ziet seat (but shorter) iː zier seat ɔ post boss oː boot boat ɔː zone law øː leuk somewhat like hurl; French deux u poets you but shorter, took but more closed/tense uː boer you ʏ nut much like the below but shorter y nu French rue yː zuur French rue, but longer Diphthongs ɛi̯ wijd, eis between tie and day (the latter more as in Australia) ɑu̯ hout, blauw how œy̯ huid Similar to French fauteuil, no exact equivalent in English. Approximated as tie with rounded lips, or how with fronted lips. Reduced vowels ə halte comma, label, chatter