Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ɸelus

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pélh₁us. Cognate to Ancient Greek πολύς (polús), Proto-Germanic *felu and Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Húš.

Adjective

*ɸelus (comparative *ɸleis)

much, many

Inflection

U-stem
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸelus	*ɸelū	*ɸelowes
vocative	*ɸelu	*ɸelū	*ɸelūs
accusative	*ɸelum	*ɸelū	*ɸelums
genitive	*ɸelous	*ɸelous	*ɸelowom
dative	*ɸelou	*ɸelubom	*ɸelubos
instrumental	*ɸelū	*ɸelubim	*ɸelubis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸelus	*ɸelū	*ɸelowes
vocative	*ɸelu	*ɸelū	*ɸelūs
accusative	*ɸelum	*ɸelū	*ɸelums
genitive	*ɸelous	*ɸelous	*ɸelowom
dative	*ɸelou	*ɸelubom	*ɸelubos
instrumental	*ɸelū	*ɸelubim	*ɸelubis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸelu	*ɸelū	*ɸelwā
vocative	*ɸelu	*ɸelū	*ɸelwā
accusative	*ɸelu	*ɸelū	*ɸelwā
genitive	*ɸelous	*ɸelous	*ɸelowom
dative	*ɸelou	*ɸelubom	*ɸelubos
instrumental	*ɸelū	*ɸelubim	*ɸelubis

Descendants

Old Irish: il, hil
- Irish: il
- Manx: yl
>? Gaulish: *elu-^[1]
- ⇒ Gaulish: *elu-ētu-ios (“[having] much territory”, bahuvrihi compound)
  - → Latin: Helvētii, Helvētius

References

^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “*elu(o)-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 162