Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þurftiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *þurbaną (“to need”) +‎ *-þiz. Cognate with Sanskrit तृप्ति (tṛpti, “satisfaction, contentment”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈθurɸ.tiz/

Noun

*þurftiz f

1. need, necessity

Inflection

i-stemDeclension of *þurftiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*þurftiz	*þurftīz
vocative	*þurfti	*þurftīz
accusative	*þurftį	*þurftinz
genitive	*þurftīz	*þurftijǫ̂
dative	*þurftī	*þurftimaz
instrumental	*þurftī	*þurftimiz

Derived terms

• *naudiþurftiz

Descendants

• Old Frisian: *threft (in nēdthreft)
  • West Frisian: needdrift
• Old Saxon: thurft, thuruft; nōdthurft
• Old Dutch: *thurft
  • Middle Dutch: *durft (in nootdurft, nootdruft, nootdorft)
    • Dutch: nooddruft
      • Afrikaans: nooddruf
• Old High German: durft, duruft; nōtdurft, nōtduruft
  • Middle High German: durft
    • German: Durft; Notdurft
• Old Norse: þurft, þyrft; nauðþurft
  • Icelandic: þurft; nauðþurft
  • Old Swedish: þorft, þyrft
    • Swedish: -torft in nödtorft
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: turft
• Gothic: 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍆𐍄𐍃 (þaurfts); 𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌳𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍆𐍄𐍃 (naudiþaurfts)

References

• Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN