Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/daudijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *daudaz (“dead”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdɑu̯.ði.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*daudijaną

1. (transitive) to make dead, kill

Inflection

Conjugation of *daudijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*daudijō	*daudijaų	—	*daudijai	?
2nd singular	*daudīsi	*daudijais	*daudī	*daudijasai	*daudijaisau
3rd singular	*daudīþi	*daudijai	*daudijaþau	*daudijaþai	*daudijaiþau
1st dual	*daudijōs	*daudijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*daudijaþiz	*daudijaiþiz	*daudijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*daudijamaz	*daudijaim	—	*daudijanþai	*daudijainþau
2nd plural	*daudīþ	*daudijaiþ	*daudīþ	*daudijanþai	*daudijainþau
3rd plural	*daudijanþi	*daudijain	*daudijanþau	*daudijanþai	*daudijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*daudidǭ	*daudidēdį̄
2nd singular	*daudidēz	*daudidēdīz
3rd singular	*daudidē	*daudidēdī
1st dual	*daudidēdū	*daudidēdīw
2nd dual	*daudidēdudiz	*daudidēdīdiz
1st plural	*daudidēdum	*daudidēdīm
2nd plural	*daudidēdud	*daudidēdīd
3rd plural	*daudidēdun	*daudidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*daudijandz	*daudidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *daudijan
  • Old English: dīedan, dȳdan
    • Middle English: deden, deaden
  • Old Frisian: dēda
  • Old Saxon: *dōdian
    • Middle Low German: dôden
  • Old Dutch: *dōden
    • Middle Dutch: dôden
      • Dutch: doden
        • Afrikaans: dood
        • Negerhollands: dood
      • Limburgish: doeaje
  • Old High German: tōten
    • Middle High German: tōten
      • Alemannic German: tööde, töde
      • Cimbrian: töatan
      • German: töten
• Old Norse: deyða
  • Icelandic: deyða
  • Faroese: doyða
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: døyda
  • Old Swedish: dødha
    • Swedish: döda
  • Danish: døde (dated)
    • → Norwegian Bokmål: døde (archaic)
• Gothic: 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (dauþjan) (with -þ- analogically from 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌸𐌿𐍃 (dauþus))