Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gawerpaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *ga- +‎ *werpaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌɣɑˈwer.pɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*gawerpaną

1. (transitive) to throw
2. (transitive) to cast

Inflection

Conjugation of *gawerpaną (strong class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*gawerpō	*gawerpaų	—	*gawerpai	?
2nd singular	*gawirpizi	*gawerpaiz	*gawerp	*gawerpazai	*gawerpaizau
3rd singular	*gawirpidi	*gawerpai	*gawerpadau	*gawerpadai	*gawerpaidau
1st dual	*gawerpōz	*gawerpaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*gawerpadiz	*gawerpaidiz	*gawerpadiz	—	—
1st plural	*gawerpamaz	*gawerpaim	—	*gawerpandai	*gawerpaindau
2nd plural	*gawirpid	*gawerpaid	*gawirpid	*gawerpandai	*gawerpaindau
3rd plural	*gawerpandi	*gawerpain	*gawerpandau	*gawerpandai	*gawerpaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*gawarp	*gawurpį̄
2nd singular	*gawarft	*gawurpīz
3rd singular	*gawarp	*gawurpī
1st dual	*gawurpū	*gawurpīw
2nd dual	*gawurpudiz	*gawurpīdiz
1st plural	*gawurpum	*gawurpīm
2nd plural	*gawurpud	*gawurpīd
3rd plural	*gawurpun	*gawurpīn
	present	past
participles	*gawerpandz	*gawurpanaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *gawerpan
  • Old English: ġeweorpan
    • Middle English: iwerpen
  • Old High German: giwerfan
    • Middle High German: gewërfen
      • German: gewerfen (archaic)
• Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍀𐌰𐌽 (gawairpan)