Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hellaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to call, make noise”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxel.lɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hellaną

to resound, make a sound

Inflection

Conjugation of *hellaną (strong class 3)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*hellō	*hellaų	—	*hellai	?
2nd singular	*hillizi	*hellaiz	*hell	*hellazai	*hellaizau
3rd singular	*hillidi	*hellai	*helladau	*helladai	*hellaidau
1st dual	*hellōz	*hellaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*helladiz	*hellaidiz	*helladiz	—	—
1st plural	*hellamaz	*hellaim	—	*hellandai	*hellaindau
2nd plural	*hillid	*hellaid	*hillid	*hellandai	*hellaindau
3rd plural	*hellandi	*hellain	*hellandau	*hellandai	*hellaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hall	*hullį̄
2nd singular	*hallt	*hullīz
3rd singular	*hall	*hullī
1st dual	*hullū	*hullīw
2nd dual	*hulludiz	*hullīdiz
1st plural	*hullum	*hullīm
2nd plural	*hullud	*hullīd
3rd plural	*hullun	*hullīn

	present	past
participles	*hellandz	*hullanaz

Related terms

*halliz

Descendants

Old English: *hiellan (attested as hieldon (plural past tense) < *hallijaną)
Old Dutch: *hellan
- Middle Dutch: hellen
Old High German: hellan
- Middle High German: hellen
  - German: hellen