Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hliwjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxliw.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Etymology 1

From *hliwą (“shelter”) +‎ *-janą.

Verb

*hliwjaną

1. to cover, to shelter, to protect

Inflection

Conjugation of *hliwjaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hliwjō	*hliwjaų	—	*hliwjai	?
2nd singular	*hliwisi	*hliwjais	*hliwi	*hliwjasai	*hliwjaisau
3rd singular	*hliwiþi	*hliwjai	*hliwjaþau	*hliwjaþai	*hliwjaiþau
1st dual	*hliwjōs	*hliwjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hliwjaþiz	*hliwjaiþiz	*hliwjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*hliwjamaz	*hliwjaim	—	*hliwjanþai	*hliwjainþau
2nd plural	*hliwiþ	*hliwjaiþ	*hliwiþ	*hliwjanþai	*hliwjainþau
3rd plural	*hliwjanþi	*hliwjain	*hliwjanþau	*hliwjanþai	*hliwjainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hliwidǭ	*hliwidēdį̄
2nd singular	*hliwidēz	*hliwidēdīz
3rd singular	*hliwidē	*hliwidēdī
1st dual	*hliwidēdū	*hliwidēdīw
2nd dual	*hliwidēdudiz	*hliwidēdīdiz
1st plural	*hliwidēdum	*hliwidēdīm
2nd plural	*hliwidēdud	*hliwidēdīd
3rd plural	*hliwidēdun	*hliwidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*hliwjandz	*hliwidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *hliuwjan
  • Old English: hlýwan
• Old Norse: hlýja

Etymology 2

From *hliwjaz (“lukewarm”) +‎ *-janą.

Verb

*hliwjaną

1. to warm

Inflection

Conjugation of *hliwjaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hliwjō	*hliwjaų	—	*hliwjai	?
2nd singular	*hliwisi	*hliwjais	*hliwi	*hliwjasai	*hliwjaisau
3rd singular	*hliwiþi	*hliwjai	*hliwjaþau	*hliwjaþai	*hliwjaiþau
1st dual	*hliwjōs	*hliwjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hliwjaþiz	*hliwjaiþiz	*hliwjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*hliwjamaz	*hliwjaim	—	*hliwjanþai	*hliwjainþau
2nd plural	*hliwiþ	*hliwjaiþ	*hliwiþ	*hliwjanþai	*hliwjainþau
3rd plural	*hliwjanþi	*hliwjain	*hliwjanþau	*hliwjanþai	*hliwjainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hliwidǭ	*hliwidēdį̄
2nd singular	*hliwidēz	*hliwidēdīz
3rd singular	*hliwidē	*hliwidēdī
1st dual	*hliwidēdū	*hliwidēdīw
2nd dual	*hliwidēdudiz	*hliwidēdīdiz
1st plural	*hliwidēdum	*hliwidēdīm
2nd plural	*hliwidēdud	*hliwidēdīd
3rd plural	*hliwidēdun	*hliwidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*hliwjandz	*hliwidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *hliuwjan
  • Old English: hlýwan
• Old Norse: hlýja
  • Icelandic: hlýja