Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mīþaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *meytH- (“to change, switch”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmiː.θɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*mīþaną

1. (transitive) To avoid, evade, shun

Inflection

Conjugation of *mīþaną (strong class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*mīþō	*mīþaų	—	*mīþai	?
2nd singular	*mīþizi	*mīþaiz	*mīþ	*mīþazai	*mīþaizau
3rd singular	*mīþidi	*mīþai	*mīþadau	*mīþadai	*mīþaidau
1st dual	*mīþōz	*mīþaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*mīþadiz	*mīþaidiz	*mīþadiz	—	—
1st plural	*mīþamaz	*mīþaim	—	*mīþandai	*mīþaindau
2nd plural	*mīþid	*mīþaid	*mīþid	*mīþandai	*mīþaindau
3rd plural	*mīþandi	*mīþain	*mīþandau	*mīþandai	*mīþaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*maiþ	*midį̄
2nd singular	*maist	*midīz
3rd singular	*maiþ	*midī
1st dual	*midū	*midīw
2nd dual	*midudiz	*midīdiz
1st plural	*midum	*midīm
2nd plural	*midud	*midīd
3rd plural	*midun	*midīn
	present	past
participles	*mīþandz	*midanaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *mīþan
  • Old English: mīþan
    • Middle English: mithen
  • Old Frisian: mītha (in combination)
    • Saterland Frisian: miede
    • West Frisian: mije
  • Old Saxon: mīthan
    • Middle Low German: mīden
  • Old Dutch: mīthan
    • Middle Dutch: miden
      • Dutch: mijden
      • Limburgish: mieje
  • Old High German: mīdan
    • Middle High German: mīden
      • German: meiden
      • Luxembourgish: meiden