Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/murnaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)mer- (“to think; remember”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmur.nɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*murnaną

to feel sorrow or grief; to mourn

Inflection

Conjugation of *murnaną (weak class 4)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*murnō	*murnaų	—	—	—
2nd singular	*murnōsi	*murnais	*murnō	—	—
3rd singular	*murnōþi	*murnai	*murnōþau	—	—
1st dual	*murnōs	*murnaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*murnaþiz	*murnaiþiz	*murnaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*murnamaz	*murnaim	—	—	—
2nd plural	*murnaþ	*murnaiþ	*murnaþ	—	—
3rd plural	*murnanþi	*murnain	*murnanþau	—	—

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*murnōdǭ	*murnōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*murnōdēz	*murnōdēdīz
3rd singular	*murnōdē	*murnōdēdī
1st dual	*murnōdēdū	*murnōdēdīw
2nd dual	*murnōdēdudiz	*murnōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*murnōdēdum	*murnōdēdīm
2nd plural	*murnōdēdud	*murnōdēdīd
3rd plural	*murnōdēdun	*murnōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*murnandz	—

Related terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *murnan
- Old English: murnan
  - Middle English: mournen, mornen, murnen
    - Scots: murne, murn
    - English: mourn
- Old Saxon: mornan; (murnian, mornian); (mornōn)
  - Middle Low German: vormornen
- → Old French: morner
  - Middle French: *morner; amorner, amornir
    - French: morné
- (Old High German: mornēn < Proto-Germanic *murnāną)
Old Norse: morna
- Icelandic: morna
Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌽 (maurnan)