Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rīpaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to tear”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈriː.pɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*rīpaną^[1]^[2]

to reap; harvest

Inflection

Conjugation of *rīpaną (strong class 1)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*rīpō	*rīpaų	—	*rīpai	?
2nd singular	*rīpizi	*rīpaiz	*rīp	*rīpazai	*rīpaizau
3rd singular	*rīpidi	*rīpai	*rīpadau	*rīpadai	*rīpaidau
1st dual	*rīpōz	*rīpaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*rīpadiz	*rīpaidiz	*rīpadiz	—	—
1st plural	*rīpamaz	*rīpaim	—	*rīpandai	*rīpaindau
2nd plural	*rīpid	*rīpaid	*rīpid	*rīpandai	*rīpaindau
3rd plural	*rīpandi	*rīpain	*rīpandau	*rīpandai	*rīpaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*raip	*ripį̄
2nd singular	*raift	*ripīz
3rd singular	*raip	*ripī
1st dual	*ripū	*ripīw
2nd dual	*ripudiz	*ripīdiz
1st plural	*ripum	*ripīm
2nd plural	*ripud	*ripīd
3rd plural	*ripun	*ripīn

	present	past
participles	*rīpandz	*ripanaz

Related terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *rīpan
- Old English: rīpan
  - Middle English: ripen
Old Norse: *rípa
- Norwegian: ripa (dialectal)

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*rīfan-~*rīpan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 412
^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*rīpanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 305-306

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*rīfan-~*rīpan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 412

[2] Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*rīpanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 305-306

[1]

[2]