Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃meyǵʰ-

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃meygʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

A connection to *h₃meygʰ- (“mist, cloud, condensation”), with Dutch miggelen preserving the original meaning of “to drizzle”, is conceivable,^[1] though the particulars of the morphology in pre-PIE times are unknown. For the semantics, compare Ancient Greek οὐρέω (ouréō, “to produce water, urinate”) from Proto-Indo-European *h₁worséyeti (“to make (it) rain”).

Root

*h₃meyǵʰ-^[2]^[3]^[4]

to urinate

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃meyǵʰ- (6 c, 0 e)

*h₃méyǵʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)^[4]
*h₃meyǵʰ-ye-ti (ye-present)
- Proto-Italic: *meiɣjō
  - Latin: mēiō
- Proto-Slavic: *mižati^[5] (see there for further descendants)
*h₃mi-ne-ǵʰ- ~ *h₃mi-n-ǵʰ- (nasal-infix present)^[4]
- Proto-Italic: *minɣō
  - Latin: mingō (see there for further descendants)
*h₃miǵʰ-néh₂-ti^[1]
- Proto-Germanic: *miggо̄ną (and/or from *h₃meygʰ- (“to drizzle”))
  - ⇒? Proto-West Germanic: *migg-l-ōn (with *-lōn)
    - Dutch: miggelen
*h₃miǵʰ-tó-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hmiždʰás
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hmiẓḍʰás
    - Sanskrit: मीढ (mīḍhá), मीळ्ह (mīḷhá)
- Proto-Italic:
  - Latin: mictus
*h₃meyǵʰ-s-tus or *h₃miǵʰ-s-tus
- >? Proto-Germanic: *mihstuz^[6] (see there for further descendants)
*h₃moyǵʰos^[7] or *h₃meyǵʰos (“urine”)^[8]
- Old Armenian: մէզ (mēz)
  - Armenian: մեզ (mez)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hmáyȷ́ʰas
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hmáyźʰas
    - Sanskrit: मेह (méha)
  - Proto-Iranian: *Hmáyjah
    - Avestan: 𐬨𐬀𐬉𐬰𐬀 (maēza)
*h₃moyǵʰ-ó-s (“urinator”, agent noun)
- Proto-Hellenic: (with laryngeal deletion?)
  - >? Ancient Greek: μοιχός (moikhós, “adulterer”) (doubtful connection^[9]) (see there for further descendants)
Unsorted formations:
- Latgalian: meizols (“urine”)
- Latgalian: meiznīks, meižka (“organ of urinary”)
- Latgalian: meizeļs (“person who urinates”)
- Proto-Albanian: *medzra
  - Albanian: përmjerr
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  - Proto-Iranian:
    - Middle Persian: myc (mēz-), mstn' (mistan)
      - Persian: میزیدن (mêz-), میزیدن (mêzidan), میختن (mêxtan)
    - Northern Kurdish: mîz, میز (mîz), mîstin
- Proto-Slavic: *mězga^[10]
- Proto-Slavic: *mьza,^[11] *mьzěti^[12]
- Proto-Slavic: *mьža,^[13] *mьžati,^[14] *mьžiti^[15]
- Proto-Tocharian:
  - Tocharian B: miśo (< *h₃m(e)iǵʰyeh₂-)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*miggōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 369
^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₃mei̯g̑ʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 301–302
^ Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) “*h₃mei̯g̑ʰ-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 384–385
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “meiō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 369
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*mižati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 19 (*męs⁽'⁾arь – *morzakъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 63
^ Connected by some authors (Kroonen (2013) p. 369 s.v. *mihstu-, Wodtko et al. (2008)) to Proto-Germanic *mihstaz (“mist”) from the root *h₃meygʰ-, via an s-stem, which was also thematicized as *h₃meygʰ-s-o- (whence Old English meox).
^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 207
^ Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 385
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μοιχός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 961–962
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mězga”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 179
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьza”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 179
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьzěti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 179
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьža”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 179
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьžati II”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 179
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьžiti II”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 182

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*miggōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 369

[LIV-2] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₃mei̯g̑ʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 301–302

[NIL-3] Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) “*h₃mei̯g̑ʰ-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 384–385

[EDL-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “meiō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 369

[5] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*mižati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 19 (*męs⁽'⁾arь – *morzakъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 63

[6] Connected by some authors (Kroonen (2013) p. 369 s.v. *mihstu-, Wodtko et al. (2008)) to Proto-Germanic *mihstaz (“mist”) from the root *h₃meygʰ-, via an s-stem, which was also thematicized as *h₃meygʰ-s-o- (whence Old English meox).

[7] Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 207

[8] Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 385

[9] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μοιχός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 961–962

[10] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mězga”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 179

[11] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьza”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 179

[12] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьzěti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 179

[13] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьža”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 179

[14] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьžati II”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 179

[15] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьžiti II”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 182

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