Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/píph₃eti
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
editAlternative reconstructions
editEtymology
editThematic i-reduplicated present of *peh₃- (“to drink”).
Verb
edit*píph₃eti (imperfective)[1][2][3]
Inflection
edit| Imperfective, thematic | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *píph₃eti | ||||
| 3rd plural | *píph₃onti | ||||
| Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *píph₃oh₂ | *píph₃om | — | *píph₃ōh₂ | *píph₃oyh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *píph₃esi | *píph₃es | *píph₃e | *píph₃ēsi | *píph₃oys |
| 3rd singular | *píph₃eti | *píph₃et | *píph₃etu | *píph₃ēti | *píph₃oyt |
| 1st dual | *píph₃owos | *píph₃owe | — | *píph₃ōwos | *píph₃oywe |
| 2nd dual | *píph₃etes | *píph₃etom | *píph₃etom | *píph₃ētes | *píph₃oytom |
| 3rd dual | *píph₃etes | *píph₃etām | *píph₃etām | *píph₃ētes | *píph₃oytām |
| 1st plural | *píph₃omos | *píph₃ome | — | *píph₃ōmos | *píph₃oyme |
| 2nd plural | *píph₃ete | *píph₃ete | *píph₃ete | *píph₃ēte | *píph₃oyte |
| 3rd plural | *píph₃onti | *píph₃ont | *píph₃ontu | *píph₃ōnti | *píph₃oyh₁n̥t |
| Participle | *píph₃onts | ||||
| Middle voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *píph₃oh₂er | *píph₃oh₂e | — | *píph₃ōh₂er | *píph₃oyh₂e |
| 2nd singular | *píph₃eth₂er | *píph₃eth₂e | *píph₃eso | *píph₃ēth₂er | *píph₃oyth₂e |
| 3rd singular | *píph₃etor | *píph₃eto | *? | *píph₃ētor | *píph₃oyto, *píph₃oyh₁o |
| 1st dual | *píph₃owosdʰh₂ | *píph₃owedʰh₂ | — | *píph₃ōwosdʰh₂ | *píph₃oywedʰh₂ |
| 2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 1st plural | *píph₃omosdʰh₂ | *píph₃omedʰh₂ | — | *píph₃ōmosdʰh₂ | *píph₃oymedʰh₂ |
| 2nd plural | *píph₃edʰh₂we | *píph₃edʰh₂we | *píph₃edʰh₂we | *píph₃ēdʰh₂we | *píph₃oydʰh₂we |
| 3rd plural | *píph₃ontor | *píph₃onto | *? | *píph₃ōntor | *píph₃oyro |
| Participle | *píph₃omnos | ||||
Descendants
editMost descendants show voicing of the second *p to *b. This is generally taken to be assimilation to the following laryngeal, yielding *píbeti.[4]
- >? Proto-Albanian: *pīja
- Proto-Armenian:
- Old Armenian: ըմպեմ (əmpem)
- Proto-Celtic: *ɸibeti (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *píbati (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *pibō (see there for further descendants)
References
edit- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*peh₃(i̯)-⁰”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 462-463: “*pi-ph₃-é-”
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “bibō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 71-72
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 113: “*pí-ph₃-e-ti”
- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[2], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN