Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tewk-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Compare *tewh₂- (“to swell, crowd, be strong”). Possibly analyzed as *tewh₂-k- or *tewH-k-, though the evidence is unclear.^[1] Superficially similar to *(s)tewk- (“to strike, hit”) but unclear whether semantically related.

Root

*tewk-

germ, seed, sprout, offspring

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *tewk-‎ (4 c, 0 e)

*túk
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *túk, *túč
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *túk, *túć
    - Sanskrit: तुक् (túk, “boy”)^[2], तुच् (túc, “offspring, children (only attested in RV dat. fem. तुचे (tucé))”)^[2]
*tewk-ós
- Proto-Germanic: *þeuhą (“thigh”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tauˀkás^[3]
  - Latgalian: tauks
  - Lithuanian: taukaĩ pl
  - Latvian: tàuki pl
  - Old Prussian: taukis
  - Proto-Slavic: *tȗkъ (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tawkás
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tawkás
    - Sanskrit: तोक (toká, “offspring, including of animals”)^[2]
  - Ossetian: тог (tog, “blood”) (Digoron)
  - Ossetian: туг (tug, “blood”) (Iron)
*téwk-mos
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *táwkmas
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *táwkmas
    - Sanskrit: तोक्म (tókma, “a young shoot, offspring”)^[2]
*téwk-mn̥
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *táwkma (see there for further descendants)
*tewk-tḗr
- Proto-Germanic: *þeuhtēr (“descendant”) (see there for further descendants)
Unsorted formations:
- Latgalian: tyukt' (“to plump, to swell”)
- Latgalian: tuklys (“portly, fat, plumpy”)
- Latgalian: tyucis (“cloud, crowd”)
- Proto-Celtic: *tuknā (< *tuk-mn̥) (possibly)
  - Old Irish: tón (“anus”)
    - Scottish Gaelic: tòin (“anus, arse”)
    - Irish: tóin (“anus, buttocks”)
- Proto-Celtic: ? / Proto-Italic: ?
  - →? Latin: tucca (see there for further descendants)
    - ⇒ Latin: tūcētum, tuccētum (see there for further descendants)
    - →? Umbrian: toco

References

^ Zair, Nicholas. The Reflexes of the Indo-European Laryngeals in Celtic, page 155
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary 2008 revision
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*tȗkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 500

[reflexesCeltic-1] Zair, Nicholas. The Reflexes of the Indo-European Laryngeals in Celtic, page 155

[MW-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary 2008 revision

[D_*tȗkъ-3] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*tȗkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 500

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