Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ȷ́ʰárati
Proto-Indo-Iranian
editEtymology
editOf uncertain origin.
Rix derives the verb from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰérm̥-ti ~ *ǵʰr̥m-énti / *ǵʰr̥m-tór ~ *ǵʰr̥m-n̥tór, from *ǵʰrem- (“to vex; to be angry”).[1]
Mayrhofer, paraphrasing Szemerényi, suggests a derivation from an earlier form ȷ́ʰárd-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱérd (“heart”).[2]
However, Cheung is skeptical of these derivations, and refrains from assigning any etymology.[3]
Verb
edit*ȷ́ʰárati ~ *gʰr̥mánti / *ȷ́ʰr̥ntáy ~ *gʰr̥matáy[4]
- (transitive) to vex, torment
- (intransitive) to be angry, upset
Derived terms
edit- *ȷ́ʰáȷ́ʰarānás (reduplicated aorist middle participle)[1]
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́áźʰarānás
- Sanskrit: जुहुरान (juhurāná)
- Proto-Iranian: *jájarānáh
- Younger Avestan: 𐬰𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬁𐬥𐬀 (zazarāna, ptc.pf.med.)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́áźʰarānás
Descendants
editReferences
edit- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*?*g̑ʰeRH-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 178
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 604-5
- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*zarH2”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 469
- ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*gram-, *gar-m-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 284-286
Categories:
- Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰerm-
- Proto-Indo-Iranian terms with unknown etymologies
- Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas
- Proto-Indo-Iranian verbs
- Proto-Indo-Iranian transitive verbs
- Proto-Indo-Iranian intransitive verbs