Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čukati
Proto-Slavic
editEtymology
editMorphologically from *čukъ (“bang, clang; hammer, knocker”) + *-ati. Proposed further origin:
- Vasmer, Snoj: Onomatopoeic related to Lithuanian kaũkti (“to howl”), Latvian kàukt (“to yell, to howl”), possibly Sanskrit कौति (káuti, “to cry, to lament”), Ancient Greek κωκῡ́ω (kōkū́ō, “to shriek”). Ultimately may reflect Proto-Indo-European *(s)kew- (“to growl, to wail”). Compare also Proto-Slavic *čavьka (“jackdaw”), Proto-Slavic *skovykъ ⇒ Slovene: skovȋk (“pygmy owl”), Proto-Slavic *čuxalъ ⇒ Bulgarian: чу́хал (čúhal, “scops owl”).
- Possibly an expressive k-extension of *kuti (“to hew”) + *-kati, in particular for the secondary sense “to hammer, to hew”.
Verb
edit*čukati impf (perfective *čuknǫti)
Inflection
editConjugation of *čukati, *čuka, *čukajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*čukanьje | *čukati | *čukatъ | *čukalъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *čukanъ | *čukajemъ |
Active | *čukavъ | *čukaję |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *čukaxъ | *čuka | *čuka | *čukajǫ | *čukaješi | *čukajetь |
Dual | *čukaxově | *čukasta | *čukaste | *čukajevě | *čukajeta | *čukajete |
Plural | *čukaxomъ | *čukaste | *čukašę | *čukajemъ | *čukajete | *čukajǫtь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *čukaaxъ | *čukaaše | *čukaaše | — | *čukaji | *čukaji |
Dual | *čukaaxově | *čukaašeta | *čukaašete | *čukajivě | *čukajita | — |
Plural | *čukaaxomъ | *čukaašete | *čukaaxǫ | *čukajimъ | *čukajite | — |
Derived terms
editRelated terms
edit- *čukъ (“hammer”)
- *čuxati (“to growl, to shoo”)
- *kukati (“to cuckoo”)
- *čučati (“to hang/sit on a high place (e.g. tree, pylon)”)
- *čučedlo (“scarecrow”)
- *čugati (“to trim, to crop”)
Descendants
edit- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
Further reading
edit- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čukati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 131
- Snoj, Marko (2016) “čūk”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “sorodno z ... glagolom čúkati “oglašati se kot čuk””