hammer
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English hamer, Old English hamor, from Proto-Germanic *hamaraz (compare West Frisian hammer, Low German Hamer, Dutch hamer, German Hammer, Danish hammer, Swedish hammare). The Germanic *hamaraz "tool with a stone head" derives from a Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱmoros (compare Sanskrit अश्मरी (aśmarī, “strangury”)), itself a derivation from *h₂éḱmō (“stone”).
For *h₂éḱmō (“stone”), compare Lithuanian akmuõ, Russian камень (kamenʹ), Serbo-Croatian kamēn, Albanian kmesë (“sickle”), Ancient Greek ἄκμων (ákmōn, “meteor rock, anvil”), Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬨𐬯𐬀 (asman), Sanskrit अश्मन् (aśman)) (root *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”)).
PronunciationEdit
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈhæm.ə(ɹ)/
- Rhymes: -æmə(r)
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Audio (UK) (file) - (US) IPA(key): /ˈhæmɚ/
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Audio (US) (file)
NounEdit
hammer (plural hammers)
- A tool with a heavy head and a handle used for pounding.
- A moving part of a firearm that strikes the firing pin to discharge a gun.
- (anatomy) The malleus, a small bone of the middle ear.
- (music) In a piano or dulcimer, a piece of wood covered in felt that strikes the string.
- (sports) A device made of a heavy steel ball attached to a length of wire, and used for throwing.
- (curling) The last rock in an end.
- (Ultimate Frisbee) A frisbee throwing style in which the disc is held upside-down with a forehand grip and thrown above the head.
- Part of a clock that strikes upon a bell to indicate the hour.
- One who, or that which, smites or shatters.
- St. Augustine was the hammer of heresies.
- J. H. Newman
- He met the stern legionaries [of Rome] who had been the massive iron hammers of the whole earth.
Derived termsEdit
terms derived from hammer (noun)
TranslationsEdit
tool
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part of a firearm
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bone of the middle ear; see also malleus
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piano part
sports: device
See alsoEdit
VerbEdit
hammer (third-person singular simple present hammers, present participle hammering, simple past and past participle hammered)
- To strike repeatedly with a hammer, some other implement, the fist, etc.
- To form or forge with a hammer; to shape by beating.
- Dryden
- hammered money
- Dryden
- (figuratively) To emphasize a point repeatedly.
- (sports) To hit particularly hard.
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2010 December 28, Marc Vesty, “Stoke 0 - 2 Fulham”, in BBC[1]:
- This time the defender was teed up by Andrew Johnson's short free-kick on the edge of the box and Baird hammered his low drive beyond Begovic's outstretched left arm and into the bottom corner, doubling his goal tally for the season and stunning the home crowd.
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- (cycling, intransitive, slang) To ride very fast.
- 2011, Tim Moore, French Revolutions: Cycling the Tour de France (page 58)
- Fifteen minutes later, leaving a vapour trail of kitchen smells, I hammered into Obterre.
- 2011, Tim Moore, French Revolutions: Cycling the Tour de France (page 58)
- (intransitive) To strike internally, as if hit by a hammer.
- I could hear the engine’s valves hammering once the timing rod was thrown.
- (transitive, figuratively, sports) To defeat (a person, a team) resoundingly
- We hammered them 5-0!
Derived termsEdit
terms derived from hammer (verb)
- hammer out
- hammered (adjective)
- hammerer
- sledgehammer (verb)
See alsoEdit
TranslationsEdit
to strike repeatedly
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to shape by beating
figuratively: to emphasize a point repeatedly
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sports: to hit particularly hard
to strike internally, as if hit by a hammer
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
Translations to be checked
DanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse hamarr, from Proto-Germanic *hamaraz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱmoros, from *h₂éḱmō (“stone”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
hammer c (singular definite hammeren, plural indefinite hammere or hamre)
InflectionEdit
Declension of hammer
GermanEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
hammer
- (colloquial, regional) Contraction of haben wir.
- Da hammer jetz' keine Zeit für.
- We don't have time for that now.
- Da hammer jetz' keine Zeit für.
Usage notesEdit
This contraction is common throughout central Germany, southern Germany, and Austria. It is only occasionally heard in northern Germany.
See alsoEdit
Norwegian BokmålEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse hamarr, from Proto-Germanic *hamaraz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱmoros, from *h₂éḱmō (“stone”).
Alternative formsEdit
- hammar (Nynorsk also)
NounEdit
hammer m (definite singular hammeren, indefinite plural hammere or hamrer, definite plural hammerne or hamrene)
- a hammer (tool)
Related termsEdit
- hamre (verb)
ReferencesEdit
- “hammer” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
West FrisianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Frisian hamar, from Proto-Germanic *hamaraz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱmoros, from *h₂éḱmō (“stone”). Compare English hammer, Low German Hamer, Dutch hamer, German Hammer, Danish hammer.
NounEdit
hammer