Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/řuti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃rew- (“to roar”). Cognate with Latin rāvis (“hoarse”), rūmor (“rumor”), Sanskrit रव (rava, “roaring, howling”), Ancient Greek ὠρύομαι (ōrúomai, “to howl, roar”).^[1]

Verb edit

*řuti^[2]^[3]^[4]

to roar

Inflection edit

The original inflection appears to have e-grade in the infinitive and o-grade in the present. In some descendants, this alternation was levelled, either by replacing the present stem with the e-grade *rev-, or the infinitive stem with the o-grade *ru-.

Conjugation of *řuti, *řu, *rovetь (?, -V/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*řutьje	*řuti	*řutъ	*řulъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*řutъ	*rovomъ
Active	*rovъ	*rovy

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*řuxъ	*řu	*řu	*rovǫ	*roveši	*rovetь
Dual	*řuxově	*řusta	*řuste	*rovevě	*roveta	*rovete
Plural	*řuxomъ	*řuste	*řušę	*rovemъ	*rovete	*rovǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*rověaxъ	*rověaše	*rověaše	—	*rovi	*rovi
Dual	*rověaxově	*rověašeta	*rověašete	*rověvě	*rověta	—
Plural	*rověaxomъ	*rověašete	*rověaxǫ	*rověmъ	*rověte	—

Alternative forms edit

*ruti

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: рюти (rjuti), рꙋти (ruti)
  - Belarusian: раўці́ (raŭcí)
  - Russian: реве́ть (revétʹ)
  - Ukrainian: реві́ти (revíty), ревти́ (revtý)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: роути (ruti)
  
  Glagolitic: [Term?]
  - Church Slavonic: рюти (rjuti)
- Bulgarian: рева́ (revá)
- Macedonian: реве (reve)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: рѐвати
  
  Latin script: rèvati
  - Chakavian (Vrgada): rovȁti
- Slovene: rjúti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: řúti
  - Czech: řvát
- Old Polish: rzuć, rzwieć
  - Polish: rzuć
- Slovak: revať
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: ruć

References edit

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 515
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ŗuti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 436: “v. ‘roar’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “rjuti: rovǫ (revǫ) rovetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 237f.; PR 139)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “rjúti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*r'űti, sed. *rȍvǫ (sekundarno tudi nedol. *rűti in sed. *r'ȅvǫ)”

[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 515

[2] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ŗuti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 436: “v. ‘roar’”

[3] Olander, Thomas (2001) “rjuti: rovǫ (revǫ) rovetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 237f.; PR 139)”

[4] Snoj, Marko (2016) “rjúti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*r'űti, sed. *rȍvǫ (sekundarno tudi nedol. *rűti in sed. *r'ȅvǫ)”

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]