Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/byvati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

A byform of *byti +‎ *-vati, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow, to become”). Cognate with dial. Lithuanian buvóti (“to be”).

Verb

*byvàti impf

1. to be (in iterative or habitual sense), to occur
2. to be at

Alternative forms

• *buvati

Inflection

Conjugation of *byvati, *byva, *byvajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*byvanьje	*byvati	*byvatъ	*byvalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*byvanъ	*byvajemъ
Active	*byvavъ	*byvaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*byvaxъ	*byva	*byva	*byvajǫ	*byvaješi	*byvajetь
Dual	*byvaxově	*byvasta	*byvaste	*byvajevě	*byvajeta	*byvajete
Plural	*byvaxomъ	*byvaste	*byvašę	*byvajemъ	*byvajete	*byvajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*byvaaxъ	*byvaaše	*byvaaše	—	*byvaji	*byvaji
Dual	*byvaaxově	*byvaašeta	*byvaašete	*byvajivě	*byvajita	—
Plural	*byvaaxomъ	*byvaašete	*byvaaxǫ	*byvajimъ	*byvajite	—

Related terms

Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH-‎ (0 c, 7 e)

Derived terms

• *dobyvati (“to derive, to obtain”)
• *perbyvati (“to abide, to endure”)
• *sъbyvati (“to come true”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: быва́ць (byvácʹ)
  • Russian: быва́ть (byvátʹ)
  • Ukrainian: бува́ти (buváty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: бꙑвати (byvati)

    • Bulgarian: би́вам (bívam)
    • Macedonian: бива (biva)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: би́вати

    Latin script: bívati

  • Slovene: bívati
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: bývat
  • Old Polish: bywać
    • Masurian: biwacz
    • Polish: bywać
    • Silesian: bywać
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: bëwac
    • Slovincian: bëwac
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: bywać
    • Lower Sorbian: bywaś

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “быва́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*byvati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 157
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “бивам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 46