бива

Bulgarian

Etymology

See би́вам (bívam).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbivɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

би́ва • (bíva) third-singular present indicative, impf (impersonal)

1. (impersonal) it is (habitually), it happens, it occurs, (in the past) it used to be
   • Elin Pelin, Sǎx. III, page 26, quoted in [1]

     Би́вало е да го ви́дят отстрана́, че прика́зва не́що сам на се́бе си.

     Bívalo e da go vídjat otstraná, če prikázva néšto sam na sébe si.

     They used to see him from the side, saying something to himself.

     (literally, “It used to be that they would see him from the side, ...”)

2. (impersonal) it ought to be, it should be (in a negative polarity context, e.g. when negated or in a question)

   Не би́ва така́!

   Ne bíva taká!

   It shouldn't be like that!

3. (impersonal) one is good [with direct object pronoun ‘person or thing who is good’]

   Не го би́ва за ни́що.

   Ne go bíva za níšto.

   He's not good for anything.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of би́ва (conjugation 3, imperfective, intransitive, impersonal)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	—	—	—	—		би́вайки bívajki
	definite subject form	—	—	—	—
	definite object form	—	—	—	—
feminine	indefinite	—	—	—	—
	definite	—	—	—	—
neuter	indefinite	би́ващо bívašto	би́вало, бива́ло1 bívalo, biválo1	би́вало bívalo	—	би́ване bívane
	definite	би́ващото bívaštoto	би́валото, бива́лото1 bívaloto, biváloto1	—	—	би́ването bívaneto
plural	indefinite	—	—	—	—	би́вания, би́ванета bívanija, bívaneta
	definite	—	—	—	—	би́ванията, би́ванетата bívanijata, bívanetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		—	—	би́ва bíva	—	—	—
imperfect		—	—	би́ваше bívaše	—	—	—
aorist		—	—	би́ва, бива́1 bíva, bivá1	—	—	—
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and би́вало/бива́ло1
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and би́вало/бива́ло1
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and би́вало/бива́ло1
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and би́вало/бива́ло1
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and би́вало
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and би́вало/бива́ло1
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and би́вало/бива́ло1
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and би́вало/бива́ло1
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and би́вало
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and би́вало/бива́ло1
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and би́вало/бива́ло1
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and би́вало
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and би́вало/бива́ло1
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and би́вало/бива́ло1
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and би́вало/бива́ло1
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and би́вало/бива́ло1
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			—			—

¹Dialectally marked.

Russian

Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese 琵琶 (びわ, biwa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbʲivə]

Noun

би́ва • (bíva) f inan (indeclinable)

1. biwa (lute)