Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/davati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dōˀwāˀtei, iterative of *dṓˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *deh₃-. Constructed as if *da(ti) +‎ *-vati, with the same suffix found in iterative (later imperfective) *stavati (“to stand”), *-znavati (“to know”), etc. Compare Latvian dãvât (“to give (iterative)”), Lithuanian daviaũ (“I gave”, past), Ancient Greek δοϝέναι (dowénai, “to give (iterative)”) (Cypriot dialect), Sanskrit दावने (dāváne).

In Lithuanian, the cognate of this verb is employed in the construction of the (indicative) past frequentative tense.

Per Derksen, the 1sg. *dajǫ is built off the aorist stem.

Verb

*dāvàti impf (perfective *dati)

1. to give (iterative)

Inflection

Conjugation of *davati, *dava, *davajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*davanьje	*davati	*davatъ	*davalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*davanъ	*davajemъ
Active	*davavъ	*davaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*davaxъ	*dava	*dava	*davajǫ	*davaješi	*davajetь
Dual	*davaxově	*davasta	*davaste	*davajevě	*davajeta	*davajete
Plural	*davaxomъ	*davaste	*davašę	*davajemъ	*davajete	*davajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*davaaxъ	*davaaše	*davaaše	—	*davaji	*davaji
Dual	*davaaxově	*davaašeta	*davaašete	*davajivě	*davajita	—
Plural	*davaaxomъ	*davaašete	*davaaxǫ	*davajimъ	*davajite	—

Conjugation of *davati, *dava, *dajetь (impf., -va/V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*davanьje	*davati	*davatъ	*davalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*davanъ	*dajemъ
Active	*davavъ	*daję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*davaxъ	*dava	*dava	*dajǫ	*daješi	*dajetь
Dual	*davaxově	*davasta	*davaste	*dajevě	*dajeta	*dajete
Plural	*davaxomъ	*davaste	*davašę	*dajemъ	*dajete	*dajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*davaaxъ	*davaaše	*davaaše	—	*daji	*daji
Dual	*davaaxově	*davaašeta	*davaašete	*dajivě	*dajita	—
Plural	*davaaxomъ	*davaašete	*davaaxǫ	*dajimъ	*dajite	—

Related terms

• *dati
• *daďa
• *Daďьbogъ
• *dȃnъ
• *dȃrъ
• *dateľь
• *prĩdъ

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: давати (davati)
    • Belarusian: дава́ць (davácʹ)
    • Russian: дава́ть (davátʹ)
    • Ukrainian: дава́ти (daváty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: давати (davati)

    Glagolitic: [Term?]

  • Bulgarian: да́вам (dávam)
  • Macedonian: дава (dava)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: да́вати

    Latin script: dávati (Southwest dialect)

• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: dávati
    • Czech: dávat
  • Old Polish: dawać
    • Polish: dawać
    • Silesian: dŏwać
  • Slovak: dávať
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: dawac
    • Slovincian: dawac
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: dawać
    • Lower Sorbian: dawaś

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дава́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “дать”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 232
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*davati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 197