Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krojiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *krájīˀtei, from iterative Proto-Indo-European *kroyh₁-eye-ti, from *kroyh₁-, metathesized from *kroh₁y- (analogical after the zero grade, where metathesis is expected), from the root *kreh₁y- (“to sift, to separate”), a root extension of *kreh₁- (alternatively reconstructed as *krey-). Cognate with Lithuanian kriẽti (“to expand, to develop, to spread; to catch fish”) (1sg. krejù), Latvian krijât (“to skin”), and more distantly with Latin cernō (“to sift, to separate, to distinguish”) < *kri-n-h₁- (perfect crēvī < *kreh₁-), Ancient Greek κρῑ́νω (krī́nō, “to separate, to decide”), Old Irish arachrin (“to perish”), críathar (“sieve”).

Verb

*krojìti

1. to cut

Inflection

Conjugation of *krojiti, *kroji, *krojitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*krojenьje	*krojiti	*krojitъ	*krojilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*krojenъ	*krojimъ
Active	*krojь	*kroję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*krojixъ	*kroji	*kroji	*krojǫ	*krojiši	*krojitь
Dual	*krojixově	*krojista	*krojiste	*krojivě	*krojita	*krojite
Plural	*krojixomъ	*krojiste	*krojišę	*krojimъ	*krojite	*krojętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*krojaaxъ	*krojaaše	*krojaaše	—	*kroji	*kroji
Dual	*krojaaxově	*krojaašeta	*krojaašete	*krojivě	*krojita	—
Plural	*krojaaxomъ	*krojaašete	*krojaaxǫ	*krojimъ	*krojite	—

Notes:
• (*)*krojivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

• *kràjь (“edge”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: кроити (kroiti)
    • Belarusian: кро́іць (króicʹ)
    • Russian: крои́ть (kroítʹ, “to cut out”), 1sg. крою́ (krojú), 3sg. крои́т (kroít)
    • Ukrainian: кро́їти (krójity)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: кроя́ (krojá, “to cut out (a garment), to devise”)
  • Macedonian: крои (kroi, “to cut out”)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: кро̀јити (“to cut”), 1sg. кро̀јӣм

    Latin: kròjiti (“to cut”), 1sg. kròjīm

    • Chakavian (Vrgada): krojȉti (“to cut”), 2sg. krojĩš
    • Chakavian (Orbanići): krojȉt (“to cut out (a garment from cloth)”), 3sg. krojĩ
  • Slovene: krojíti (“to cut out, to unstitch, to split, to disrupt”) (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: krojit (“to cut”)
  • Polabian: krüjĕ (“to cut”, 3sg.)
  • Old Polish: kroić (“to cut”)
    • Polish: kroić (“to cut”)
    • Silesian: krŏć
  • Slovak: krojiť (“to cut out”) (rare)
  • Slovincian: krôjic
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: krejić
• Other:
  • Romanian: croi (“to cut out, to tailor”)

References

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “крои́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 444
• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*krojìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 248
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “крою́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*krojiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 180