Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lьvъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From a Germanic language, possibly Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa), from Latin leō.

Noun

*lь̀vъ m

1. lion

Declension

Declension of *lь̀vъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*lь̀vъ	*lьvà	*lьvì
genitive	*lьvà	*lьvù	*lь̀vъ
dative	*lьvù	*lьvòma	*lьvòmъ
accusative	*lь̀vъ	*lьvà	*lьvỳ
instrumental	*lьvъ̀mь, *lьvòmь*	*lьvòma	*lь̀vy
locative	*lьvě̀	*lьvù	*lь̀věxъ
vocative	*lьve	*lьvà	*lьvì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: львъ (lĭvŭ), левъ (levŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: левъ (lev)
      • Belarusian: леў (ljeŭ)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: лев (lev)
      • Ukrainian: лев (lev)
    • Russian: лев (lev), левъ (lev) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
      • → Ingrian: leva
      • → Kildin Sami: левв (ljevv)
      • → Komi-Zyrian: лев (ľev)
      • → Ossetian: лев (lev)
      • → Veps: lev
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: львъ (lĭvŭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⰾⱐⰲⱏ (lĭvŭ)

  • Bulgarian: лъв (lǎv), лев (lev)
  • Macedonian: лав (lav)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ла̏в

    Latin script: lȁv

  • Slovene: lȅv
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: lev
    • Czech: lev
  • Kashubian: lew
  • Polabian: ľåv
  • Polish: lew
  • Slovak: lev
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: law
    • Upper Sorbian: law

Further reading

• Verweij, Arno (1994) “Quantity Patterns of Substantives in Czech and Slovak”, in Dutch Contributions to the Eleventh International Congress of Slavists, Bratislava (Studies in Slavic and General Linguistics)‎^[1], volume 22, Editions Rodopi B.V., pages 525, 530
• Pronk-Tiethoff, Saskia E. (2013) The Germanic loanwords in Proto-Slavic‎^[2], Amsterdam - New York: Rodopi, →ISBN