Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stignǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

*stiťi (infinitive only)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *steygʰ-. Cognate with Lithuanian steĩgti (“to found, to produce”), steĩgtis (“to hurry up, to try”), 1sg. steigiúos, Latvian stèigt (“to hurry”), 1sg. stèidzu, Sanskrit स्तिघ्नोति (stighnóti, “to rise”), Ancient Greek στείχω (steíkhō, “to walk, to march”), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽 (steigan, “to climb”), Old Irish tíagaim (“to walk, to go”), Albanian shteg (“path”).

Verb

*stìgnǫti

to attain
to catch up with, to reach

Inflection

Conjugation of *stignǫti, *stignǫ, *stignetь (?, -n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*stignovenьje	*stignǫti	*stignǫtъ	*stignǫlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*stignovenъ	*stignomъ
Active	*stignǫvъ	*stigny

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*stignǫxъ	*stignǫ	*stignǫ	*stignǫ	*stigneši	*stignetь
Dual	*stignǫxově	*stignǫsta	*stignǫste	*stignevě	*stigneta	*stignete
Plural	*stignǫxomъ	*stignǫste	*stignǫšę	*stignemъ	*stignete	*stignǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*stigněaxъ	*stigněaše	*stigněaše	—	*stigni	*stigni
Dual	*stigněaxově	*stigněašeta	*stigněašete	*stigněvě	*stigněta	—
Plural	*stigněaxomъ	*stigněašete	*stigněaxǫ	*stigněmъ	*stigněte	—

Related terms

*stiťi (“to attach, to catch up with, to reach”)
*stьdzà, *stьgna (“path”)
*postignǫti (“to achieve, to accomplish; to comprehend”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: -стигнꙋти (-stignuti), e.g. достигнꙋти (dostignuti)
  - Russian: -сти́гнуть (-stígnutʹ), e.g. пости́гнуть (postígnutʹ)
  - Ukrainian: сти́гнути (stýhnuty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: -стигнѫти (-stignǫti), e.g. постигнѫти (postignǫti)
  
  Glagolitic: ⱂⱁⱄⱅⰻⰳⱀⱘⱅⰻ (postignǫti)
- Bulgarian: сти́гна (stígna)
- Macedonian: сти́гне (stígne)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: сти̏гнути
  
  Latin: stȉgnuti
- Slovene: stígniti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: stihnúti
  - Czech: stihnout
- Old Polish: ścignąć
  - Polish: ścignąć (dated)
- Slovak: stihnúť (“to catch up with, to overtake”)

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) “*stìgnǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 467
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “-стигать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “достига́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 264