Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ka
(Redirected from Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ga)
Proto-Turkic
editAlternative forms
editSuffix
edit*-ka
- Suffix expressing the dative case.
Usage notes
edit- The third person possessive suffix is merges unstable n and -k- to form -ŋa.
- *anïŋ ebi (“his/her/its house”) + *-ka → *anïŋ ebiŋe (“to his/her/its house”)
- Words with first person and second person possessive suffixes already end with m and ŋ. In such cases, k decreases.
- *sẹniŋ ebiŋ (“your house”) + *-ka → *sẹniŋ ebiŋe (“to your house”)
- *bẹniŋ ebim (“my house”) + *-ka → *bẹniŋ ebime (“to my house”)
- When first and second person singular pronouns take it, they switch to a back voweled environment.
- If it comes after an n sound, it turns into an ŋ sound.
Related terms
edit- *-ni (“accusative case”)
- *-niŋ (“genitive case”)
- *-de (“locative case”)
- *-den (“ablative case”)
- *-gerü (“allative case”)
- *-če (“equative case”)
Descendants
edit- Arghu
- Khalaj: -kə
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Uzbek: -ga
- Kipchak:
- South Kipchak:
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
- Kyrgyz: -га (-ga), -ге (-ge), -го (-go), -гө (-gö), -ка (-ka), -ке (-ke), -ко (-ko), -кө (-kö), -а (-a), -е (-ye), -о (-o), -ө (-ö), -на (-na), -не (-ne), -нө (-nö)
- Southern Altai: -га (-ga), -ге (-ge), -го (-go), -гӧ (-gö), -ка (-ka), -ке (-ke), -ко (-ko), -кӧ (-kö), -а (-a), -е (-ye), -о (-o), -ӧ (-ö), -на (-na), -не (-ne)
- Siberian: