Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hauʀukōn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *hauʀijan +‎ *-ukōn.

Verb

*hauʀukōn

1. to listen carefully, harken

Inflection

Class 2 weak
Infinitive	*hauʀukōn
1st sg. past	*hauʀukōdā
Infinitive	*hauʀukōn
Genitive infin.	*hauʀukōnijas
Dative infin.	*hauʀukōnijē
Instrum. infin.	*hauʀukōniju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*hauʀukō	*hauʀukōdā
2nd singular	*hauʀukōs	*hauʀukōdēs, *hauʀukōdōs
3rd singular	*hauʀukōþ	*hauʀukōdē, *hauʀukōdā
1st plural	*hauʀukōm	*hauʀukōdum
2nd plural	*hauʀukōþ	*hauʀukōdud
3rd plural	*hauʀukōnþ	*hauʀukōdun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*hauʀukō	*hauʀukōdī
2nd singular	*hauʀukōs	*hauʀukōdī
3rd singular	*hauʀukō	*hauʀukōdī
1st plural	*hauʀukōm	*hauʀukōdīm
2nd plural	*hauʀukōþ	*hauʀukōdīd
3rd plural	*hauʀukōn	*hauʀukōdīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*hauʀukō
Plural	*hauʀukōþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*hauʀukōndī	*hauʀukōd

Alternative reconstructions

• *hauʀikōn, *hauʀīkōn

Descendants

• Old English: *heorcian, *hercian, *hiercian, *hyrcian, *hearcian
  • Middle English: herken, herkien, harkien
    • English: heark, hark
    • Scots: herk, hark
  • ⇒ Old English: heorcnian, hercnian, hyrcnian
    • Middle English: herkenen
      • English: hearken, harken
      • Scots: herkin
• Old Frisian: hērkia (< *hauʀikōn), harkia
  • North Frisian: harke
  • West Frisian: harkje
• Old Saxon: *hōrkōn
  • Middle Low German: hôrken, horken
    • German Low German: horken
• Old Dutch: *hōrkon
  • Middle Dutch: hoorken, huerken, hurken, horken
    • Dutch: horken
• Old High German: *hōrachōn, hōrechen (late Old High German)
  • Middle High German: horchen, hōrchen
    • German: horchen