Lithuanian

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Akstinai (1) - Thorns
 
Akstinai (2) - Awns
 
Akstinas (3) - Goad

Etymology

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *akstinos (*aśtinos?). Equivalent to akstis +‎ -nas. Cognate with Latvian akstins (prickle), Proto-Slavic *ostьnъ.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈä̌ːkʲs̪ʲt̪ʲɪnɐs̪]

Noun

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ãkstinas m (plural akstinaĩ) stress pattern 3b

  1. thorn, prickle
    Synonyms: spyglys, dyglys, gylys
  2. awn
    Synonym: akuotas
  3. goad, prod (pointed stick for driving cattle)
  4. (figuratively) impetus, incentive, stimulus

Declension

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References

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  • Derksen, Rick (2015) “akstinas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 48
  • ãkstinas” in Hock et al., Altlitauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 2.0 (online, 2020–); p. 17 in ALEW 1.1 (online, 2019).
  • akstinas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012

Further reading

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  • akstinas”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2024
  • akstinas”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2024