stimulus

See also: Stimulus

EnglishEdit

 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Latin stimulus (goad, prick).

PronunciationEdit

  • (US) IPA(key): /ˈstɪm.jə.ləs/
  • (file)

NounEdit

stimulus (plural stimuluses or stimuli)

  1. An external phenomenon that has an influence on a system, by triggering or modifying an internal phenomenon; for example, a spur or incentive that drives a person to take action or change behaviour.
    an economic stimulus
    • 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. [], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, [], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 174:
      From the beginning of the show to the end, vanity is the sole stimulus and reward of action—vanity, that never looks beyond the present.
    • 2012 November 7, Matt Bai, “Winning a Second Term, Obama Will Confront Familiar Headwinds”, in New York Times[1]:
      Democrats, meanwhile, point out that Republicans seem to have made a conscious decision, beginning with the stimulus, to oppose anything the president put forward, dooming any chance of renewed cooperation between the parties.
  2. (physiology, psychology, medicine) Something external that elicits or influences a physiological or psychological activity or response, or that affects any of the sensory apparatuses.
    • 2002, Kim Burchiel, Surgical Management of Pain, Thieme, →ISBN, page 44:
      Even light nonpainful stimuli can provoke or exacerbate spontaneous pain; this is not limited to tactile, thermal, or vibratory stimuli, because auditory, visual, olfactory, and visceral stimuli also may be problematic.
  3. (botany, entomology) A sting on the body of a plant or insect.
    • 1789, Erasmus Darwin, The Loves of the Plants, J. Johnson, p. 15:
      Many plants, like many animals, are furnished with arms for their protection; these are either aculei, prickles [] ; or stimuli, stings, as in the nettles, which are armed with a venomous fluid for the annoyance of naked animals.

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

TranslationsEdit

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

EsperantoEdit

VerbEdit

stimulus

  1. conditional of stimuli

FrenchEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Latin stimulus.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

stimulus m (plural stimulus or stimuli)

  1. stimulus

Further readingEdit

IndonesianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Dutch stimulus, from Latin stimulus (goad, prick), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (to pierce, prick, be sharp).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [stiˈmulʊs], [sə̆tiˈmulʊs]
  • Hyphenation: sti‧mu‧lus

NounEdit

stimulus (first-person possessive stimulusku, second-person possessive stimulusmu, third-person possessive stimulusnya)

  1. stimulus
    Synonym: perangsang

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

LatinEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (to pierce, prick, be sharp). Cognate with Ancient Greek στίζω (stízō, I mark).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

stimulus m (genitive stimulī); second declension

  1. a goad, prick
  2. a sting
  3. (figuratively) stimulus, incentive

DeclensionEdit

Second-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative stimulus stimulī
Genitive stimulī stimulōrum
Dative stimulō stimulīs
Accusative stimulum stimulōs
Ablative stimulō stimulīs
Vocative stimule stimulī

Related termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • stimulus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • stimulus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • stimulus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • stimulus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to be spurred on by ambition: stimulis gloriae concitari
    • to spur, urge a person on: calcaria alicui adhibere, admovere; stimulos alicui admovere
  • stimulus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

Norwegian BokmålEdit

 
Norwegian Bokmål Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nb

EtymologyEdit

From Latin.

NounEdit

stimulus m (definite singular stimulus, indefinite plural stimuli, definite plural stimuliene)

  1. a stimulus

Usage notesEdit

  • By a 1995 spelling decision, Norsk språkråd permitted the regular plural forms stimuluser and stimulusene.[1] These are scarcely used.

Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

Further readingEdit

Norwegian NynorskEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin.

NounEdit

stimulus m (plural stimulusen)

  1. a stimulus

Usage notesEdit

  • By a 1995 spelling decision, Norsk språkråd permitted the regular plural forms stimulusar and stimulusane.[1] These are scarcely used.

Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

Further readingEdit

  • “stimulus” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
  • “stimulus”, in Norsk Ordbok: ordbok over det norske folkemålet og det nynorske skriftmålet, Oslo: Samlaget, 1950-2016