carae

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈkaː.rae̯/, [ˈkäːräe̯]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈka.re/, [ˈkäːre]

Adjective

cārae

1. inflection of cārus:
   1. genitive/dative feminine singular
   2. nominative/vocative feminine plural

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkarɘ]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *karants.

Noun

carae m (genitive carat, nominative plural carait)

1. friend
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 73^d1

     Fu·lilsain-se .i. matis mu námait duda·gnetis ⁊ maniptis mu chara⟨i⟩t duda·gnetis.

     I would have endured, i.e. if it had been my enemies who did them and if it had not been my friends who did them.

2. relative, kinsman

Inflection

Masculine nt-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	carae	caraitL	carait
Vocative	carae	caraitL	cairdea
Accusative	caraitN	caraitL	cairdea
Genitive	carat	caratL	caratN
Dative	caraitL	cairdib	cairdib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• cairde
• cairdine
• escarae

Descendants

• Middle Irish: cara, carait
  • Irish: cara
  • Scottish Gaelic: caraid
  • Manx: carrey

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cara”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Etymology 2

Verb

(·)carae

1. second-person singular present subjunctive absolute/conjunct of caraid

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
carae	charae	carae pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.