cerebellum
English edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin cerebellum, diminutive of cerebrum.
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˌsɛ.ɹɪˈbɛl.əm/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˌsɛɹ.əˈbɛl.əm/
- Rhymes: -ɛləm
Noun edit
cerebellum (plural cerebellums or cerebella)
- (neuroanatomy) Part of the hindbrain in vertebrates. In humans it lies between the brainstem and the back of the cerebrum and is formed of two lateral lobes and a median lobe. It plays an important role in sensory perception, motor output, balance and posture.
- Synonym: parencephalon
- Holonym: hindbrain
- 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan, page 61:
- Although the cerebellum occupies just 10 per cent of the cranial cavity, it has more than half the brain’s neurons.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
part of the hindbrain in vertebrates
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References edit
- “cerebellum”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- “cerebellum”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From cerebrum (“brain”) + -lum (diminutive ending).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ke.reˈbel.lum/, [kɛrɛˈbɛlːʲʊ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /t͡ʃe.reˈbel.lum/, [t͡ʃereˈbɛlːum]
Noun edit
cerebellum n (genitive cerebellī); second declension
Inflection edit
Second-declension noun (neuter).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | cerebellum | cerebella |
Genitive | cerebellī | cerebellōrum |
Dative | cerebellō | cerebellīs |
Accusative | cerebellum | cerebella |
Ablative | cerebellō | cerebellīs |
Vocative | cerebellum | cerebella |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Balkan Romance:
- Dalmatian:
- Italo-Romance:
- North Italian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Occitano-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
- Borrowings:
- → Asturian: cerebelu
- → Catalan: cerebel
- → English: cerebellum
- → Galician: cerebelo
- → Greek: τσερβέλο (tservélo)
- → Italian: cerebello ⇒ cerebellare
- → Portuguese: cerebelo
- → Romanian: cerebel
- → Spanish: cerebelo
References edit
- “cerebellum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- cerebellum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette