ciontach

Irish

Alternative forms

• cionntach (obsolete)

Etymology

From Old Irish cintach (“guilty, liable, blameworthy; one who is liable, guilty party”). By surface analysis, cion (“guilt, crime, sin, fault, blame”) +‎ -(t)ach.

Pronunciation

• (Waterford) IPA^(key): /ˈcəunˠt̪ˠəx/
• (Kerry) IPA^(key): /ˈcuːn̪ˠt̪ˠəx/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈcɨ̞n̪ˠt̪ˠa(x)/

Adjective

ciontach (genitive singular masculine ciontaigh, genitive singular feminine ciontaí, plural ciontacha, comparative ciontaí)

1. at fault, blameable, culpable, censurable, delinquent, guilty

Declension

Declension of ciontach

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	ciontach	chiontach	ciontacha; chiontacha²
Vocative	chiontaigh		ciontacha
Genitive		ciontaí	ciontacha	ciontach
Dative	ciontach; chiontach¹	chiontach; chiontaigh (archaic)	ciontacha; chiontacha²
Comparative	níos ciontaí
Superlative	is ciontaí

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Noun

ciontach m (genitive singular ciontaigh, nominative plural ciontaigh)

1. convict, culprit, offender

Declension

Declension of ciontach

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative ciontach ciontaigh Vocative a chiontaigh a chiontacha Genitive ciontaigh ciontach Dative ciontach ciontaigh

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an ciontach na ciontaigh Genitive an chiontaigh na gciontach Dative leis an gciontach don chiontach leis na ciontaigh

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
ciontach	chiontach	gciontach
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ciontach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 23

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish cintach (“guilty, liable, blameworthy; one who is liable, guilty party”). By surface analysis, ciont (“guilt, crime, sin, fault, blame”) +‎ -ach.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈcʰin̪ˠt̪əx/

Adjective

ciontach (genitive singular masculine ciontaich, comparative ciontaiche)

1. at fault, blameable, culpable, censurable, delinquent, guilty

Noun

ciontach m (genitive singular ciontaich, plural ciontaich)

1. convict, culprit, offender

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
ciontach	chiontach
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “ciontach”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cintach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language