cliath

Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish clíath, from Proto-Celtic *klētā, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (“to lean”). Cognate with French claie and Welsh clwyd.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /clʲiə/

Noun

cliath f (genitive singular cléithe, nominative plural cliatha)

1. wattled, latticed frame; hurdle
2. raft, stretcher; (penal) hurdle
3. (military) phalanx
4. crowd, shoal
5. (music) staff, stave
6. (knitting) (patch of) darning (on stocking)
7. (anatomy, medicine) bodily frame, chest; chestiness, wheeze

Declension

Declension of cliath

Second declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative cliath cliatha Vocative a chliath a chliatha Genitive cléithe cliath Dative cliath cliatha

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an chliath na cliatha Genitive na cléithe na gcliath Dative leis an gcliath don chliath leis na cliatha

• Alternative plural: cléitheacha

Synonyms

• (raft, stretcher, penal hurdle): cliath iompair
• (music): cliath ceoil
• (knitting): cliath ar stoca
• (frame, chest, chestiness, wheeze): cliath uchta

Derived terms

• Baile Átha Cliath
• cliath catha
• cliath fhuirste
• cliath láimhe
• cliathach
• cliathán
• cliathbhosca
• cliathchosach
• cliathobair
• cliathóir
• snáthaid chléithe

 

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cliath	chliath	gcliath
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “cliaṫ”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 148
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cliath”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Middle Irish clíath, from Proto-Celtic *klētā, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (“to lean”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʰliə/

Noun

cliath f (genitive singular clèithe, plural cliathan)

1. grating, grid, lattice
2. harrow
3. shoal (of fish)

Synonyms

• (shoal): sgaoth

Derived terms

• cliath-bhogsa (“crate”)
• cliath-theine (“fire grate”)
• cliath-uinneige (“lattice, window bars”)
• comharra-clèithe (“grid reference”)
• iùl-clèithe (“grid reference”)

 

Verb

cliath (past chliath, future cliathaidh, verbal noun cliathadh, past participle cliathte)

1. harrow
2. copulate (about birds)

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
cliath	chliath
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “cliath”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎^[1], Stirling, →ISBN, page cliath