crug

English

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

crug (uncountable)

1. (slang, obsolete) Bread.
   • 1820-23, Charles Lamb, Essays of Elia

     He had his tea and hot rolls in a morning, while we were battening upon our quarter-of-a-penny loaf — our crug — moistened with attenuated small beer, in wooden piggings, smacking of the pitched leathern jack it was poured from.

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian круг (krug). Doublet of crâng.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kruɡ/

Noun

crug n (plural cruguri)

1. (dated) orbit

Declension

Declension of crug

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) crug	crugul	(niște) cruguri	crugurile
genitive/dative	(unui) crug	crugului	(unor) cruguri	crugurilor
vocative	crugule		crugurilor

Further reading

• crug in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

Welsh

Etymology

From Old Welsh cruc, from Proto-Celtic *krowkos (“heap”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *krewH- (“to heap up”), shared with Proto-Germanic *hraukaz (“heap”), Lithuanian kruvà (“heap”). Cognate with Old Irish crúach (“stack; mountain, hill”).

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /krɨːɡ/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /kriːɡ/
• Homophone: cryg (“hoarse, stammering”)
• Rhymes: -ɨːɡ

Noun

crug m (plural crugiau)

1. hillock, knoll

   Synonyms: bryncyn, twmpath

2. tumulus, barrow

   Synonyms: carnedd, tomen

3. heap

   Synonyms: pentwr, twr

4. multitude

   Synonym: lliaws

5. abscess, boil, blister

   Synonyms: cornwyd, ploryn, pothell

Derived terms

• crugen (“diminutive form”)
• crugyn (“diminutive form”)

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
crug	grug	nghrug	chrug
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “crug”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies