dessécher
French edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old French, from Latin dēsiccāre.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /de.se.ʃe/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -e
- Homophones: desséchai, desséché, desséchée, desséchées, desséchés, desséchez
Verb edit
dessécher
- (transitive) to dry, to dry out
- (reflexive) to dry out
- 1837 Louis Viardot, L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manchefr.Wikisource, translation of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Chapter I:
- Enfin, notre hidalgo s’acharna tellement à sa lecture, que ses nuits se passaient en lisant du soir au matin, et ses jours, du matin au soir. Si bien qu’à force de dormir peu et de lire beaucoup, il se dessécha le cerveau, de manière qu’il vint à perdre l’esprit.
- Finally, our hidalgo attached himself so much to his reading that his nights were spent reading from evening to moring, and his days, from morning to evening. So much so that because of his little sleep and excessive reading, he dried out his brain in such a way that he lost his mind.
- 1837 Louis Viardot, L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manchefr.Wikisource, translation of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Chapter I:
Conjugation edit
This verb is conjugated like céder. It is a regular -er verb, except that its last stem vowel alternates between /e/ (written 'é') and /ɛ/ (written 'è'), with the latter being used before mute 'e'. One special case is the future stem, used in the future and the conditional. Before 1990, the future stem of such verbs was written dessécher-, reflecting the historic pronunciation /e/. In 1990, the French Academy recommended that it be written dessècher-, reflecting the now common pronunciation /ɛ/, thereby making this distinction consistent throughout the conjugation (and also matching in this regard the conjugations of verbs like lever and jeter). Both spellings are in use today, and both are therefore given here.
Conjugation of dessécher (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | dessécher | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | desséchant /de.se.ʃɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | desséché /de.se.ʃe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | dessèche /de.sɛʃ/ |
dessèches /de.sɛʃ/ |
dessèche /de.sɛʃ/ |
desséchons /de.se.ʃɔ̃/ |
desséchez /de.se.ʃe/ |
dessèchent /de.sɛʃ/ |
| imperfect | desséchais /de.se.ʃɛ/ |
desséchais /de.se.ʃɛ/ |
desséchait /de.se.ʃɛ/ |
desséchions /de.se.ʃjɔ̃/ |
desséchiez /de.se.ʃje/ |
desséchaient /de.se.ʃɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | desséchai /de.se.ʃe/ |
desséchas /de.se.ʃa/ |
dessécha /de.se.ʃa/ |
desséchâmes /de.se.ʃam/ |
desséchâtes /de.se.ʃat/ |
desséchèrent /de.se.ʃɛʁ/ | |
| future | dessècherai or dessécherai /de.sɛʃ.ʁe/ |
dessècheras or dessécheras /de.sɛʃ.ʁa/ |
dessèchera or desséchera /de.sɛʃ.ʁa/ |
dessècherons or dessécherons /de.sɛʃ.ʁɔ̃/ |
dessècherez or dessécherez /de.sɛʃ.ʁe/ |
dessècheront or dessécheront /de.sɛʃ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | dessècherais or dessécherais /de.sɛʃ.ʁɛ/ |
dessècherais or dessécherais /de.sɛʃ.ʁɛ/ |
dessècherait or dessécherait /de.sɛʃ.ʁɛ/ |
dessècherions or dessécherions /de.sɛ.ʃə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /de.se.ʃə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
dessècheriez or dessécheriez /de.sɛ.ʃə.ʁje/ or /de.se.ʃə.ʁje/ |
dessècheraient or dessécheraient /de.sɛʃ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | dessèche /de.sɛʃ/ |
dessèches /de.sɛʃ/ |
dessèche /de.sɛʃ/ |
desséchions /de.se.ʃjɔ̃/ |
desséchiez /de.se.ʃje/ |
dessèchent /de.sɛʃ/ |
| imperfect2 | desséchasse /de.se.ʃas/ |
desséchasses /de.se.ʃas/ |
desséchât /de.se.ʃa/ |
desséchassions /de.se.ʃa.sjɔ̃/ |
desséchassiez /de.se.ʃa.sje/ |
desséchassent /de.se.ʃas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | dessèche /de.sɛʃ/ |
— | desséchons /de.se.ʃɔ̃/ |
desséchez /de.se.ʃe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “dessécher”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.