dry
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Adjective and noun from Middle English drye, dryge, drüȝe, from Old English drȳġe (“dry; parched, withered”), from Proto-Germanic *drūgiz, *draugiz (“dry, hard”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerǵʰ- (“to strengthen; become hard”), from *dʰer- (“to hold, support”).
Verb from Middle English drien, from Old English drȳġan (“to dry”), from Proto-West Germanic *drūgijan, from Proto-Germanic *drūgiz (“hard, desiccated, dry”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerǵʰ- (“strong, hard, solid”).
Cognate with Scots dry, drey (“dry”), North Frisian drüg, driig, Saterland Frisian druuch (“dry”), West Frisian droech (“dry”), Dutch droog (“dry”), Low German dröög (“dry”), German dröge (“dull”), Icelandic draugur (“a dry log”). Related also to German trocken (“dry”), West Frisian drege (“long-lasting”), Danish drøj (“tough”), Swedish dryg (“lasting, hard”), Icelandic drjúgur (“ample, long”), Latin firmus (“strong, firm, stable, durable”). See also drought, drain, dree.
PronunciationEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- drie (obsolete)
AdjectiveEdit
dry (comparative drier or dryer, superlative driest or dryest)
- Free from or lacking moisture.
- This towel's dry. Could you wet it and cover the chicken so it doesn't go dry as it cooks?
- 1716 March 16 (Gregorian calendar), Joseph Addison, “The Free-holder: No. 22. Monday, March 5. [1716.]”, in The Works of the Right Honourable Joseph Addison, Esq; […], volume IV, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], published 1721, OCLC 1056445272:
- The weather, […] we […] both agreed, was too dry for the season.
- 1855–1858, William H[ickling] Prescott, History of the Reign of Philip the Second, King of Spain, volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Boston, Mass.: Phillips, Sampson, and Company, OCLC 645131689:
- Not a dry eye was to be seen in the assembly.
- Unable to produce a liquid, as water, (petrochemistry) oil, or (farming) milk.
- This well is as dry as that cow.
- (masonry) Built without or lacking mortar.
- 1937 September 21, J[ohn] R[onald] R[euel] Tolkien, The Hobbit: Or There and Back Again, 3rd edition, London: Unwin Books, George Allen & Unwin, published 1966 (1970 printing), →ISBN, page 241:
- […] already the gate was blocked with a wall of squared stones laid dry, but very thick and very high, across the opening.
- (chemistry) Anhydrous: free from or lacking water in any state, regardless of the presence of other liquids.
- Dry alcohol is 200 proof.
- (figuratively) Athirst, eager.
- 1610–1611, William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene ii]:
- Free from or lacking alcohol or alcoholic beverages.
- Of course it's a dry house. He was an alcoholic but he's been dry for almost a year now.
- c. 1601–1602, William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or VVhat You VVill”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene v]:
- (law) Describing an area where sales of alcoholic or strong alcoholic beverages are banned.
- You'll have to drive out of this dry county to find any liquor.
- Free from or lacking embellishment or sweetness, particularly:
- 1733, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Man. […], (please specify |epistle=I to IV), London: Printed for J[ohn] Wilford, […], OCLC 960856019:
- These epistles will become less dry, more susceptible of ornament.
- (wine and other alcoholic beverages, ginger ale) Low in sugar; lacking sugar; unsweetened.
- Proper martinis are made with London dry gin and dry vermouth.
- (humor) Amusing without showing amusement.
- Steven Wright has a deadpan delivery, Norm Macdonald has a dry sense of humor, and Oscar Wilde had a dry wit.
- Lacking interest, boring.
- A dry lecture may require the professor to bring a watergun in order to keep the students' attention.
- c. 1601–1602, William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or VVhat You VVill”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene v]:
- (fine arts) Exhibiting precise execution lacking delicate contours or soft transitions of color.
- (aviation) Not using afterburners or water injection for increased thrust.
- This fighter jet's engine has a maximum dry thrust of 200 kilonewtons.
- (sciences, somewhat derogatory) Involving computations rather than work with biological or chemical matter.
- (of a sound recording) Free from applied audio effects (especially reverb).
- Without a usual complement or consummation; impotent.
- never dry fire a bow
- dry humping her girlfriend
- making a dry run
- 1958, Gordon Grimley, The Book of the Bow, page 167:
- A loose nocking point is equally dangerous since it may result in what is known as a 'dry release' when the arrow merely falls from a string a few feet away as the bow is shot. This may distort or weaken the bow.
- 1992, Pennsylvania Game News, volume 63, page 57:
- […] most like "dry firing," or a dry release, wherein the string meets no resistance.
- 1992, Dwight R. Schuh, Bowhunter's Encyclopedia, Stackpole Books (→ISBN), page 81:
- When you shoot a bow, the arrow absorbs a high percentage of the energy released by the limbs. If you dry fire a bow (shoot it with no arrow on the string), the bow itself absorbs all the energy, […]
- 2015, Naoko Takei Moore, Kyle Connaughton, Donabe: Classic and Modern Japanese Clay Pot Cooking, Ten Speed Press (→ISBN), page 8:
- Because some recipes require specific techniques such as high-intensity dry heating (heating while the pot is empty or heating with little or no fluid inside), read the manufacturer's instructions to ensure your vessel can handle such cooking […]
- (Christianity) Of a mass, service, or rite: involving neither consecration nor communion.
SynonymsEdit
- (free from liquid or moisture): See Thesaurus:dry
AntonymsEdit
- (free from liquid or moisture): See Thesaurus:wet
- (abstinent from or banning alcohol): wet
- (not using afterburners or water injection): wet
- (of a scientist or lab: doing computation): wet
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- Sranan Tongo: drei
TranslationsEdit
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NounEdit
- The process by which something is dried.
- This towel is still damp: I think it needs another dry.
- (US) A prohibitionist (of alcoholic beverages).
- c. 1952-1996, Noah S. Sweat, quoted in 1996
- The drys were as unhappy with the second part of the speech as the wets were with the first half.
- c. 1952-1996, Noah S. Sweat, quoted in 1996
- An area with little or no rain, or sheltered from it.
- Come under my umbrella and keep in the dry.
- (chiefly Australia, with "the") The dry season.
- 1938, Xavier Herbert, Capricornia, New York: D. Appleton-Century, 1943, Chapter VII, page 91, [1]
- […] one was sodden to the bone and mildewed to the marrow and moved to pray […] for that which formerly he had cursed—the Dry! the good old Dry—when the grasses yellowed, browned, dried to tinder, burst into spontaneous flame— […]
- 2006, Alexis Wright, Carpentaria, Giramondo 2012, p. 169:
- [T]he spring-fed river systems. Not the useless little tributary jutting off into a mud hole at the end of the Dry.
- 1938, Xavier Herbert, Capricornia, New York: D. Appleton-Century, 1943, Chapter VII, page 91, [1]
- (Australia) An area of waterless country.
- Unsweetened ginger ale; dry ginger.
- 1968, Bee Gees, "Indian Gin And Whiskey Dry", Idea(album) [2].
- All day, all night you feel as if the Earth could fly/Three more all for fine Indian Gin and whiskey dry.
- 2018 May 2, pyatts, Tripadvisor[3]:
- Can you buy dry ginger in Croatia? If not what is an alternative?
- 1968, Bee Gees, "Indian Gin And Whiskey Dry", Idea(album) [2].
- (Britain, UK politics) A radical or hard-line Conservative; especially, one who supported the policies of British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher in the 1980s.
- Antonym: wet
VerbEdit
dry (third-person singular simple present dries, present participle drying, simple past and past participle dried)
- (intransitive) To lose moisture.
- The clothes dried on the line.
- (transitive) To remove moisture from.
- Devin dried her eyes with a handkerchief.
- (obsolete, intransitive) To be thirsty.
- c. 1370–1390, [William Langland], “[Passus I]”, in The Vision of Pierce Plowman [...], London: […] Roberte Crowley, […], published 1550, OCLC 837479643:
- And drynke whan þow dryest · ac do nouȝt out of resoun.
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- (transitive, figuratively) To exhaust; to cause to run dry.
- (intransitive, informal) For an actor to forget his or her lines while performing.
- 1986, Richard Collier, Make-believe: The Magic of International Theatre (page 146)
- An actor never stumbled over his lines, he “fluffed”; he never forgot his dialogue, he “dried.”
- 2006, Michael Dobson, Performing Shakespeare's Tragedies Today (page 126)
- In one of the previews I dried (lost my lines) in my opening scene, 1.4, and had to improvise.
- 1986, Richard Collier, Make-believe: The Magic of International Theatre (page 146)
ConjugationEdit
infinitive | (to) dry | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | dry | dried | |
2nd-person singular | dry, driest* | dried, driedst* | |
3rd-person singular | dries, drieth* | dried | |
plural | dry | ||
subjunctive | dry | ||
imperative | dry | — | |
participles | drying | dried |
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
See alsoEdit
AnagramsEdit
AlbanianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Albanian *drūna, from the same root as dru. Cognate to Sanskrit द्रुणा (druṇā, “bow”), Persian درونه (“rainbow”).[1]
NounEdit
dry m (indefinite plural dryna, definite singular dryni, definite plural drynat)
DeclensionEdit
indefinite forms (trajta të pashquara) |
definite forms (trajta të shquara) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular (numri njëjës) |
plural (numri shumës) |
singular (numri njëjës) |
plural (numri shumës) | ||
nominative (emërore) |
dry | dryna | dryni | drynat | |
accusative (kallëzore) |
dry | dryna | drynin | drynat | |
genitive (gjinore) (i/e/të/së) |
dryni | drynave | drynit | drynavet | |
dative (dhanore) |
dryni | drynave | drynit | drynavet | |
ablative (rrjedhore) |
dryni | drynash | drynit | drynavet |
Related termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Orel, Vladimir (1998), “dry”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 77
Middle EnglishEdit
AdjectiveEdit
dry
- Alternative form of drye
Old EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from a Brythonic language, from Proto-Brythonic *drüw, from Proto-Celtic *druwits (“druid”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
drȳ m (nominative plural drȳas)
- wizard, sorcerer
- Hīe woldon forbærnan þone drȳ. ― They wanted to burn the wizard. (Ælfric’s Homilies, volume 1.)
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
WelshEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /drɨː/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /driː/
VerbEdit
dry
- Soft mutation of try.
MutationEdit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
try | dry | nhry | thry |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |