engorger
French edit
Etymology edit
From en- + gorge + -er (rather than en- + gorger). See engouer for a similar formation.
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Verb edit
engorger
Conjugation edit
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written engorge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of engorger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | engorger | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | engorgeant /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | engorgé /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | engorge /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁʒ/ |
engorges /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁʒ/ |
engorge /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁʒ/ |
engorgeons /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒɔ̃/ |
engorgez /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒe/ |
engorgent /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁʒ/ |
| imperfect | engorgeais /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒɛ/ |
engorgeais /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒɛ/ |
engorgeait /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒɛ/ |
engorgions /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒjɔ̃/ |
engorgiez /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒje/ |
engorgeaient /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | engorgeai /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒe/ |
engorgeas /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒa/ |
engorgea /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒa/ |
engorgeâmes /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒam/ |
engorgeâtes /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒat/ |
engorgèrent /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | engorgerai /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒə.ʁe/ |
engorgeras /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒə.ʁa/ |
engorgera /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒə.ʁa/ |
engorgerons /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/ |
engorgerez /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒə.ʁe/ |
engorgeront /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | engorgerais /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ |
engorgerais /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ |
engorgerait /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ |
engorgerions /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
engorgeriez /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒə.ʁje/ |
engorgeraient /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | engorge /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁʒ/ |
engorges /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁʒ/ |
engorge /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁʒ/ |
engorgions /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒjɔ̃/ |
engorgiez /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒje/ |
engorgent /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | engorgeasse /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒas/ |
engorgeasses /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒas/ |
engorgeât /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒa/ |
engorgeassions /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
engorgeassiez /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒa.sje/ |
engorgeassent /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | engorge /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁʒ/ |
— | engorgeons /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒɔ̃/ |
engorgez /ɑ̃.ɡɔʁ.ʒe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “engorger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.