Wiktionary

manger

See also: Manger

English edit

WOTD – 17 December 2011
 
A manger

Etymology edit

From Middle English manger, from Old French mangeoire, menjoere, from mangier (“to eat”) (modern French manger).

Pronunciation edit

  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈmeɪn.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/
    • Audio (UK)(file)
  • Audio (AU)(file)
  • (US) IPA(key): /ˈmeɪn.d͡ʒɚ/
  • Rhymes: -eɪndʒə(ɹ)
  • Hyphenation: man‧ger

Noun edit

manger (plural mangers)

  1. A trough in a stable or barn for animals to eat from.

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

Translations edit

Anagrams edit

French edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Middle French manger, from Old French mengier, from Late Latin manducāre (“chew, devour”).

See cognates : Italian mangiare, Norman maungier and mougier, Gallo mangier, Picard minger, Bourguignon maingé, Franco-Provençal mengiér, Occitan manjar, Corsican manghjà, Romanian mânca.

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

manger

  1. (transitive) to eat
    Synonyms: dévorer, consommer, avaler, engloutir, s’empiffrer, se bâfrer, ingurgiter, grignoter, festoyer, se goinfrer, becqueter, déguster, se sustenter, s’alimenter, ingérer
    J’ai mangé de la viande pour le souper.
    I ate some meat for dinner.
  2. (intransitive) to eat
    Synonym: casser la croûte
    C’est bizarre que je ne mange rien.
    It's strange that I don't eat anything.
    Manger au restaurant.
    To eat in a restaurant.

Conjugation edit

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written mange- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and ranger.

Conjugation of manger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple manger
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple mangeant
/mɑ̃.ʒɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle mangé
/mɑ̃.ʒe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present mange
/mɑ̃ʒ/ 		manges
/mɑ̃ʒ/ 		mange
/mɑ̃ʒ/ 		mangeons
/mɑ̃.ʒɔ̃/ 		mangez
/mɑ̃.ʒe/ 		mangent
/mɑ̃ʒ/
imperfect mangeais
/mɑ̃.ʒɛ/ 		mangeais
/mɑ̃.ʒɛ/ 		mangeait
/mɑ̃.ʒɛ/ 		mangions
/mɑ̃.ʒjɔ̃/ 		mangiez
/mɑ̃.ʒje/ 		mangeaient
/mɑ̃.ʒɛ/
past historic2 mangeai
/mɑ̃.ʒe/ 		mangeas
/mɑ̃.ʒa/ 		mangea
/mɑ̃.ʒa/ 		mangeâmes
/mɑ̃.ʒam/ 		mangeâtes
/mɑ̃.ʒat/ 		mangèrent
/mɑ̃.ʒɛʁ/
future mangerai
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁe/ 		mangeras
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁa/ 		mangera
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁa/ 		mangerons
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/ 		mangerez
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁe/ 		mangeront
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/
conditional mangerais
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ 		mangerais
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ 		mangerait
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ 		mangerions
/mɑ̃.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		mangeriez
/mɑ̃.ʒə.ʁje/ 		mangeraient
/mɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present mange
/mɑ̃ʒ/ 		manges
/mɑ̃ʒ/ 		mange
/mɑ̃ʒ/ 		mangions
/mɑ̃.ʒjɔ̃/ 		mangiez
/mɑ̃.ʒje/ 		mangent
/mɑ̃ʒ/
imperfect2 mangeasse
/mɑ̃.ʒas/ 		mangeasses
/mɑ̃.ʒas/ 		mangeât
/mɑ̃.ʒa/ 		mangeassions
/mɑ̃.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ 		mangeassiez
/mɑ̃.ʒa.sje/ 		mangeassent
/mɑ̃.ʒas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — mange
/mɑ̃ʒ/ 		— mangeons
/mɑ̃.ʒɔ̃/ 		mangez
/mɑ̃.ʒe/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Haitian Creole: manje
  • Bourbonnais Creole:
  • → Belizean Creole: manjeh
  • → Esperanto: manĝi

Noun edit

manger m (plural mangers)

  1. food, foodstuff
    Synonyms: mange m, nourriture f, (slang) bouffe f
    Cette boulangérie a du manger délicat.
    This bakery has elegant food

Further reading edit

Anagrams edit

Middle English edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Old French mangeoire, from manger (“to eat”).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /maːnˈdʒuːr/, /ˈmaːndʒər/, /mau̯n-/

Noun edit

manger (plural mangers)

  1. manger
  2. stall (animal dwelling)

Related terms edit

Descendants edit

References edit

Middle French edit

Etymology edit

From Old French mengier.

Verb edit

manger

  1. to eat (consume food)

Conjugation edit

  • As parler except an extra e is inserted after the final g before a and o.
  • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of manger
infinitive simple manger
compound avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2 simple mangeant
compound present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle mangé
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ie (i’) tu il, elle nous vous ilz, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present mange manges mange mangeons mangez mangent
imperfect mangeois, mangeoys mangeois, mangeoys mangeoit, mangeoyt mangions, mangyons mangiez, mangyez mangeoient, mangeoyent
past historic mangea mangeas mangea mangeasmes mangeastes mangerent
future mangerai, mangeray mangeras mangera mangerons mangerez mangeront
conditional mangerois, mangeroys mangerois, mangeroys mangeroit, mangeroyt mangerions, mangeryons mangeriez, mangeryez mangeroient, mangeroyent
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que ie (i’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present mange manges mange mangeons mangez mangent
imperfect mangeasse mangeasses mangeast mangeassions mangeassiez mangeassent
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — mange — mangeons mangez —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Descendants edit

  • French: manger (see there for further descendants)

Noun edit

manger m (plural mangers)

  1. food (comestible solids)

Coordinate terms edit

Old French edit

Verb edit

manger

  1. (Anglo-Norman) Alternative form of mengier

Conjugation edit

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. In the present tense an extra supporting e is needed in the first-person singular indicative and throughout the singular subjunctive, and the third-person singular subjunctive ending -t is lost. In addition, g becomes j before an a or an o to keep the /dʒ/ sound intact. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of manger (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive manger avoir mangé
gerund en manjant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle manjant
past participle mangé
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses 		present mange manges mange manjons mangez mangent
imperfect manjoie, mangeie, manjoe, mangeve manjoies, mangeies, manjoes, mangeves manjoit, mangeit, manjot, mangeve mangiiens, mangiens mangiiez, mangiez manjoient, mangeient, manjoent, mangevent
preterite manjai manjas manja manjames manjastes mangerent
future mangerai mangeras mangera mangerons mangeroiz, mangereiz, mangerez mangeront
conditional mangeroie, mangereie mangeroies, mangereies mangeroit, mangereit mangeriiens, mangeriens mangeriiez, mangeriez mangeroient, mangereient
compound
tenses 		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses 		present mange manges mange manjons mangez mangent
imperfect manjasse manjasses manjast mangissons, mangissiens mangissoiz, mangissez, mangissiez manjassent
compound
tenses 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— mange — manjons mangez —

Romansch edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Old French mangier, from Latin mandūcō, manducāre.

Verb edit

manger

  1. (Puter) to eat

Usage notes edit

In standardised Rumantsch Grischun, mangiar is used for people eating and magliar for animals eating. When applied to people magliar means eating badly (eating like a pig). Some of the Romansch lects do not make this distinction (especially Sursilvan) and magliar is the usual term for human beings.

Related terms edit

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