eraman

Basque

Etymology

Causative of joan (“to go”). From Proto-Basque *e-ra-oan-i, from the root *-oan- (“to go”).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

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• IPA^(key): /eɾaman/ [e.ɾa.mãn]
• Rhymes: -aman
• Hyphenation: e‧ra‧man

Verb

eraman du/dio (imperfect participle eramaten, future participle eramango or eramanen, short form eraman, verbal noun eramate)

1. to take, carry
2. to carry, convey, transport
3. to bear, stand, suffer, accept
4. to wear (clothes)
5. (said of a path or a road) to lead, direct
6. to steal

   Synonym: lapurtu

7. to run something
8. (dio, with a dummy direct object) to win, overcome, achieve
9. to pass (time)

   Synonym: igaro

Conjugation

   eraman ― NOR-NORK paradigm

Mood / Tense		NORK (ergative)							NOR (absolutive)
		1st sg	2nd sg informal	3rd sg	1st pl	2nd sg neuter	2nd pl	3rd pl
		nik	hik	hark	guk	zuk	zuek	haiek
indicative	present	―	naramak/n	narama	―	naramazu	naramazue	naramate	ni	1st sg
		haramat	―	harama	haramagu	―	―	haramate	hi	2nd sg inf
		daramat	daramak/n	darama	daramagu	daramazu	daramazue	daramate	hura	3rd sg
		―	garamatzak/n	garamatza	―	garamatzazu	garamatzazue	garamatzate	gu	1st pl
		zaramatzat	―	zaramatza	zaramatzagu	―	―	zaramatzate	zu	2nd sg for
		zaramaztet	―	zaramazte	zaramaztegu	―	―	zaramaztete	zuek	2nd pl
		daramatzat	daramatzak/n	daramatza	daramatzagu	daramatzazu	daramatzazue	daramatzate	haiek	3rd pl
	past	―	ninderamaan/nan	ninderaman	―	ninderamazun	ninderamazuen	ninderamaten	ni	1st sg
		hinderamadan	―	hinderaman	hinderamagun	―	―	hinderamaten	hi	2nd sg inf
		neraman	heraman	zeraman	generaman	zeneraman	zeneramaten	zeramaten	hura	3rd sg
		―	ginderamatzaan/nan	ginderamatzan	―	ginderamatzazun	ginderamatzazuen	ginderamatzaten	gu	1st pl
		zinderamatzadan	―	zinderamatzan	zinderamatzagun	―	―	zinderamatzaten	zu	2nd sg for
		zinderamaztedan	―	zinderamazten	zinderamaztegun	―	―	zinderamazteten	zuek	2nd pl
		neramatzan	heramatzan	zeramatzan	generamatzan	zeneramatzan	zeneramatzaten	zeramatzaten	haiek	3rd pl
	hypothetic	―	―	―	―	―	―	―	ni	1st sg
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	hi	2nd sg inf
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	hura	3rd sg
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	gu	1st pl
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	zu	2nd sg for
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	zuek	2nd pl
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	haiek	3rd pl
potential	present	―	―	―	―	―	―	―	ni	1st sg
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	hi	2nd sg inf
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	hura	3rd sg
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	gu	1st pl
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	zu	2nd sg for
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	zuek	2nd pl
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	haiek	3rd pl
	past	―	―	―	―	―	―	―	ni	1st sg
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	hi	2nd sg inf
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	hura	3rd sg
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	gu	1st pl
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	zu	2nd sg for
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	zuek	2nd pl
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	haiek	3rd pl
	hypothetic	―	―	―	―	―	―	―	ni	1st sg
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	hi	2nd sg inf
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	hura	3rd sg
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	gu	1st pl
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	zu	2nd sg for
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	zuek	2nd pl
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	haiek	3rd pl
imperative	present	―	―	―	―	―	―	―	ni	1st sg
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	hi	2nd sg inf
		―	eramak/n	berama	―	eramazu	eramazue	beramate	hura	3rd sg
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	gu	1st pl
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	zu	2nd sg for
		―	―	―	―	―	―	―	zuek	2nd pl
		―	eramaitzak/n	beramatza	―	eramaitzazu	eramaitzazue	beramatzate	haiek	3rd pl

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

• eramaile (“carrier”)
• eramanarazi
• eramanerraz (“easy to carry”)
• eramanezin (“unbearable”)
• eramangaitz
• eramangarri (“portable”)
• eramankizun
• eramankor (“conductive”)
• eramanpen
• eramate

 

References

• “eraman” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk

Further reading

• “eraman”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
• “eraman”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005