win
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
- IPA(key): /wɪn/
Audio (US) (file) Audio (UK) (file) - Rhymes: -ɪn
- Homophones: wynn, Nguyen, winne, when (in accents with the whine-wine merger and the pin-pen merger).
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English winnen, from Old English winnan (“to labour, swink, toil, trouble oneself; resist, oppose, contradict; fight, strive, struggle, rage; endure”) (compare Old English ġewinnan (“conquer, obtain, gain; endure, bear, suffer; be ill”)), from Proto-Germanic *winnaną (“to swink, labour, win, gain, fight”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, wish, desire, love”). Cognate with Low German winnen, Dutch winnen, German gewinnen, Norwegian Bokmål vinne, Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish vinna.
VerbEdit
win (third-person singular simple present wins, present participle winning, simple past won or (obsolete) wan, past participle won)
- (obsolete, transitive) To conquer, defeat.
- 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur, Book IV:
- For and we doo bataille we two wyl fyghte with one knyȝt at ones
and therfore yf ye wille fyghte ſoo we wille be redy at what houre ye wille aſſigne
And yf ye wynne vs in bataille the lady ſhal haue her landes ageyne
ye ſay wel ſayd ſir Vwayne
therfor make yow redy ſo that ye be here to morne in the defence of the ladyes ryght
- For and we doo bataille we two wyl fyghte with one knyȝt at ones
- 1998, Rhapsody, Emerald Sword:
- For the glory, the power to win the Black Lord, I will search for the Emerald Sword.
- 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur, Book IV:
- (transitive, intransitive) To reach some destination or object, despite difficulty or toil (now usually intransitive, with preposition or locative adverb).
- c. 17th century, unknown author, The Baron of Brackley (traditional folk song)
- I well may gang out, love, but I'll never win home.
- 1922, Everard Wyrall, The History of the Second Division 1914-1918:
- As this position was vulnerable, a trench was immediately begun from the junction of the Green Line with Lager Alley, back to the old British front line, in order to form a defensive flank for the protection of the troops of the 5th Infantry Brigade who had won through to their objective.
- 1953, John Craig, The Mint: A History of the London Mint from A.D. 287 to 1948:
- Parson Brooke was transferred in a couple of years to the Southwark mint, on dissolution of which he won back to the Tower, there to experiment with machinery in Mary's reign.
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, stanza 23:
- That euen in the Porch he him did win,
And cleft his head aſunder to his chin
- 1808 February 22, Walter Scott, “(please specify the introduction or canto number, or chapter name)”, in Marmion; a Tale of Flodden Field, Edinburgh: […] J[ames] Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: William Miller, and John Murray, OCLC 270129616:
- And when the stony path began,
By which the naked peak they won,
Up flew the snowy ptarmigan.
- 1886 May 1 – July 31, Robert Louis Stevenson, Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris: Cassell & Company, Limited., published 1886, OCLC 1056292939:
- “Has he nae friends?” said she, in a tearful voice.
“That has he so!” cried Alan, “if we could but win to them!—friends and rich friends, beds to lie in, food to eat, doctors to see to him—and here he must tramp in the dubs and sleep in the heather like a beggarman.”
- c. 17th century, unknown author, The Baron of Brackley (traditional folk song)
- (transitive) To triumph or achieve victory in (a game, a war, etc.).
- (transitive) To gain (a prize) by succeeding in competition or contest.
- to win the jackpot in a lottery; to win a bottle of wine in a raffle
- (transitive) To obtain (someone) by wooing; to make an ally or friend of (frequently with over).
- a. 1587, Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “(please specify the page number)”, in Fulke Greville, Matthew Gwinne, and John Florio, editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, OCLC 801077108; republished in Albert Feuillerat, editor, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia (Cambridge English Classics: The Complete Works of Sir Philip Sidney; I), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1912, OCLC 318419127:
- Thy virtue won me; with virtue preserve me.
- 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
- 1815, Jane Austen, Emma, volume II, chapter 14:
- Mr. Weston seems an excellent creature—quite a first-rate favourite with me already, I assure you. And she appears so truly good—there is something so motherly and kind-hearted about her, that it wins upon one directly.
- (intransitive) To achieve victory.
- Who would win in a fight between an octopus and a dolphin?
- (intransitive) To have power, coercion or control.
- Ever since the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing, Bostonians now run as "One Boston." The terrorists did not win.
- (transitive) To obtain (something desired).
- The company hopes to win an order from the government worth over 5 million dollars.
- (transitive) To cause a victory for someone.
- The success of the economic policies should win Mr. Smith the next elections.
- The policy success should win the elections for Mr. Smith.
- (transitive, mining) To extract (ore, coal, etc.)[1].
ConjugationEdit
infinitive | (to) win | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | win | won | |
2nd-person singular | win, winnest† | won, wonnest† | |
3rd-person singular | wins, winneth† | won | |
plural | win | ||
subjunctive | win | won | |
imperative | win | — | |
participles | winning | won |
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
|
|
|
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle English winn, winne, from Old English winn (“toil, labor, trouble, hardship; profit, gain; conflict, strife, war”), from Proto-Germanic *winną (“labour, struggle, fight”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”). Cognate with German Gewinn (“profit, gain”), Dutch gewin (“profit, gain”).
NounEdit
win (plural wins)
- An individual victory.
- Antonym: loss
- Our first win of the season put us in high spirits.
- 2011 September 29, Jon Smith, “Tottenham 3 - 1 Shamrock Rovers”, in BBC Sport[1]:
- Giovani dos Santos smashed home a third five minutes later to wrap up the win.
- (slang) A feat carried out successfully; a victorious achievement.
- Antonym: fail
- (obsolete) Gain; profit; income.
- (obsolete) Wealth; goods owned.
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
|
|
|
Etymology 3Edit
From Middle English wynne, winne, wunne, from Old English wynn (“joy, rapture, pleasure, delight, gladness”), from Proto-West Germanic *wunnju, from Proto-Germanic *wunjō (“joy, delight, pleasure, lust”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, wish, desire, love”).
Cognate with German Wonne (“bliss, joy, delight”), archaic Dutch wonne (“joy”), Danish ynde (“grace”), Icelandic yndi (“delight”).
NounEdit
win
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 4Edit
From wind.
VerbEdit
win
- (transitive, Scotland) To dry by exposure to the wind.
ReferencesEdit
- ^ 1881, Rossiter W. Raymond, A Glossary of Mining and Metallurgical Terms
ChuukeseEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
win
VerbEdit
win
- to win
DutchEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
win
KisEdit
NounEdit
win
Further readingEdit
- Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)
- Stephen Adolphe Wurm, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study (1976)
Middle EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
NounEdit
win (uncountable)
- Alternative form of wynne (“happiness”)
Etymology 2Edit
From Old English winn, from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winną, *winnaną; akin to winnen. Reinforced by earlier iwin, from Old English ġewinn.
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
win (uncountable)
- benefit, gain, profit
- (Late Middle English) wealth, riches
- (Early Middle English) discord, conflict, turmoil
- (Early Middle English, rare) exertion, work
DescendantsEdit
- English: win
ReferencesEdit
- “win, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 3 April 2020.
Etymology 3Edit
VerbEdit
win
- Alternative form of winnen (“to win”)
Etymology 4Edit
NounEdit
win
- Alternative form of vine (“grapevine”)
North FrisianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Frisian wind, from Proto-Germanic *windaz.
NounEdit
win m
Etymology 2Edit
From Old Frisian wīn, from Proto-West Germanic *wīn, from Latin vīnum.
NounEdit
win m
Old DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-West Germanic *wīn, from Latin vīnum.
NounEdit
wīn m
DescendantsEdit
- Middle Dutch: wijn
Further readingEdit
- “wīn”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-West Germanic *wīn from Latin vīnum.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
wīn n
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
PolishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
win f
NounEdit
win n
Tok PisinEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
win
Related termsEdit
Torres Strait CreoleEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
win
Derived termsEdit
WelshEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
win
- Soft mutation of gwin.
MutationEdit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
gwin | win | ngwin | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
West MakianEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
win
ReferencesEdit
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[2], Pacific linguistics