erus

Contents

Latin

Alternative forms

• herus

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *ezos (“master”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁esh₂ós (“master”). Cognate with Hittite 𒅖𒄩𒀀𒀸 (“išhāš "master"”).

A connexion with heres (“heir”) and hirudo (“leech”) has also been proposed by Charlton Lewis and Charles Short, making its stem instead from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁ro- (“derelict”). Cognates would include Ancient Greek χήρα (khḗra, “widow”), Sanskrit हरति (harati, “to seize”) and हरण (haraṇa, “hand”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈe.rus/, [ˈɛ.rʊs]

Noun

erus m (genitive erī); second declension

1. master of the house or family

Inflection

Second declension.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	erus	erī
Genitive	erī	erōrum
Dative	erō	erīs
Accusative	erum	erōs
Ablative	erō	erīs
Vocative	ere	erī

Synonyms

• dominus

Derived terms

• erīlis

References

• erus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• erus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• erus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• erus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Jules Pokorny's Ingogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, p. 342