gémir
See also: gemir
French edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old French gemir, borrowed from Latin gemere. Doublet of geindre, the properly native form.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
gémir
Conjugation edit
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of gémir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | gémir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | gémissant /ʒe.mi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | gémi /ʒe.mi/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | gémis /ʒe.mi/ |
gémis /ʒe.mi/ |
gémit /ʒe.mi/ |
gémissons /ʒe.mi.sɔ̃/ |
gémissez /ʒe.mi.se/ |
gémissent /ʒe.mis/ |
| imperfect | gémissais /ʒe.mi.sɛ/ |
gémissais /ʒe.mi.sɛ/ |
gémissait /ʒe.mi.sɛ/ |
gémissions /ʒe.mi.sjɔ̃/ |
gémissiez /ʒe.mi.sje/ |
gémissaient /ʒe.mi.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | gémis /ʒe.mi/ |
gémis /ʒe.mi/ |
gémit /ʒe.mi/ |
gémîmes /ʒe.mim/ |
gémîtes /ʒe.mit/ |
gémirent /ʒe.miʁ/ | |
| future | gémirai /ʒe.mi.ʁe/ |
gémiras /ʒe.mi.ʁa/ |
gémira /ʒe.mi.ʁa/ |
gémirons /ʒe.mi.ʁɔ̃/ |
gémirez /ʒe.mi.ʁe/ |
gémiront /ʒe.mi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | gémirais /ʒe.mi.ʁɛ/ |
gémirais /ʒe.mi.ʁɛ/ |
gémirait /ʒe.mi.ʁɛ/ |
gémirions /ʒe.mi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
gémiriez /ʒe.mi.ʁje/ |
gémiraient /ʒe.mi.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | gémisse /ʒe.mis/ |
gémisses /ʒe.mis/ |
gémisse /ʒe.mis/ |
gémissions /ʒe.mi.sjɔ̃/ |
gémissiez /ʒe.mi.sje/ |
gémissent /ʒe.mis/ |
| imperfect2 | gémisse /ʒe.mis/ |
gémisses /ʒe.mis/ |
gémît /ʒe.mi/ |
gémissions /ʒe.mi.sjɔ̃/ |
gémissiez /ʒe.mi.sje/ |
gémissent /ʒe.mis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | gémis /ʒe.mi/ |
— | gémissons /ʒe.mi.sɔ̃/ |
gémissez /ʒe.mi.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “gémir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.